Studied by 16 people
adapt
to modify one’s behavior to accommodate what others are doing
communication
the process by which people use signs, symbols, and behaviors to exchange information and create meaning
relational needs
the essential elements people seek in their relationships with others
instrumental needs
practical, everyday needs
model
a formal description of a process
action model
a model describing communication as a one-way process
source
the originator of a thought or idea
encode
to put an idea into language or gesture
message
verbal or nonverbal elements of communication to which people give meaning
channel
a pathway through which messages are conveyed
receiver
the party who interprets the message
decode
to interpret or give meaning to a message
noise
anything that distracts people from listening
interaction model
model describing communication similar to the action model but now with feedback and context
feedback
verbal and nonverbal responses to a message
context
the physical or psychological environment in which communication occurs
transaction model
model describing communication as a process where everyone is a sender and receiver at the same time or interchangeably
channel-rich contexts
communication environments involving many channels at once (e.g. face to face, facetime, video)
channel-lean contexts
communication environments involving few channels at once (e.g. posts, memos, fax)
symbol
a representation of an idea
content dimension
literal information that is communicated by a message
relational dimension
signals about the relationship in which a message is being communicated (e.g. confiding in someone you trust)
metacommunication
communication about communication
explicit rules
rules that have been clearly stated
implicit rules
rules that have not been clearly articulated but are nonetheless understood (e.g. “bless you”)
intRApersonal communication
communication with oneself
intERpersonal communication
communication that occurs between two people in the context of their relationship
small group communication
communication with approximately 3-20 people
public communication
communication with above 20 people
mass communication
communication to a large audience that is transmitted by media
communication competence
communication that is effective and appropriate for a given situation
self-monitoring
awareness of one’s behavior and how it affects others
cognitive complexity
the ability to understand a given situation in multiple ways (e.g. see both sides)
ethics
principles that guide judgments about whether something is morally right or wrong
