Grade 12 Physical Sciences Physics Revision Book 2024

A series of flashcards covering fundamental concepts in Grade 12 Physical Sciences, focusing on physics, mechanics, electrostatics, and energy.

Newton's First Law of Motion

A body remains at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by a non-zero resultant force.

Newton's Second Law of Motion

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass (F=ma).

Newton's Third Law of Motion

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Gravity

The force of attraction between two masses, directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Momentum

The product of an object's mass and its velocity.

Impulse

The change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a period of time.

Kinetic Energy

The energy of an object due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv^2.

Potential Energy

The stored energy of an object due to its position in a gravitational field.

Work

The transfer of energy when a force is applied over a distance, calculated as W = Fd cos(theta).

Doppler Effect

The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.

Electrostatics

The study of charges at rest and the forces between them.

Ohm's Law

The current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

Coulomb's Law

The magnitude of the electrostatic force exerted by one point charge on another is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Electric Field

A region around a charged particle where a force would be exerted on other charges placed in the field.

Voltage

The electric potential difference between two points, which causes current to flow.

Resistance

The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

Power in electrical circuits

The rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit, measured in watts (W).

Kinetic Friction

The force that opposes the motion of an object sliding on a surface.

Static Friction

The force that must be overcome to start moving an object at rest.

Free-body Diagram

A graphical representation used to visualize the forces acting on a body.