a and p chapter 7

sorry that the formatting is weird

Label: part that conveys incoming messages toward the cell body

Label A

Label: metabolic center of the neuron

Label D

Label: axon terminal

Label C

Label: axon

Label B

Label: gaps between the Schwann cells are indicated by…

Label H

Label: nucleus of a neuron

Label E

what is the part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body

axon

support cells in the central nervous system are collectively called

neuroglia

Damage that prevents nerve impulses from being carried from the CNS to muscles/glands affects what type of neuron?

motor neurons (efferent)

what type of neuron involves impulses traveling from the brain to muscles or glands

motor neurons (efferent)

What brain dysfunction results when blood supply to the brain is blocked and brain tissue dies?

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

What brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by connective tissue membranes called

meninges

Large fiber tract that allows communication between cerebral hemispheres

corpus callosum

Progressive, degenerative disease of the brain resulting in dementia and associated with an acetylcholine shortage

alzheimer’s disease

What division of the autonomic nervous system is called the "rest & digest" division?

parasympathetic

The term central nervous system refers to the

brain and spinal cord

The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the

parasympathetic nervous system

What division is competing for control when someone goes swimming right after eating??

sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

What brain injury includes symptoms such as left-sided paralysis, aphasia, and change in personality

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

If someone takes a beta-blocker (blocks epinephrine effects). Why would someone take this medication?

fast heart rate

What are the two major functional properties of neurons?

irritability and conductivity

The gap between two communicating neurons

synaptic cleft

The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of

metabolic wastes

How many pairs of cranial nerves branch from the surface of the brain?

12

Fight or flight responses during threatening situations is the role of the

sympathetic nervous system

Which is a characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?

decreased heart rate

The central nervous system includes the spinal nerves and cranial nerves

false

Dendrites carry impulses to the cell body; axons carry impulses away from the cell body

true

The sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system

true

The reticular activating system (RAS) plays a role in consciousness and sleep/wake cycle

true

There is no possibility of damaging the spinal cord below the third lumbar vertebra

true because of the Claudia equina

Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of the brain and spinal cord

central nervous system (CNS)

Functional nervous system subdivision that carries information toward the CNS

sensory (afferent) division

structural nervous system subdivision that consists of spinal nerves and cranial nerves

peripheral nervous system

Which system decreases heart rate

parasympathetic

Which system stimulates sweat glands to produce perspiration?

sympathetic

Which system increases the metabolic rate

sympathetic

Which system decreases urine output of the kidneys

sympathetic

Which system constricts bronchioles of respiratory passageways

parasympathetic

Which system decreases digestive system activities

sympathetic

Essay question: what part of the autonomic nervous system causes us to react to danger? what symptoms might we experience?

look it up

what are the effects of epinephrine? what would a drug that blocks epinephrine cause

Increases heart rate and blood pressure; decrease heart rate and blood pressure

what are the effects of parasympathetic nervous system

lowered metabolic rate, increased digestion, lowered blood pressure, lowered heart rate