ch 4 gaseous state

avogadro’s law

volume, V, of a gas is directly proportional to the amount of gas particles at constant temperature and pressure

Boyle’s Law

volume, V , of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure, p, at a constant temperature

Charles’ Law

volume p, V of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, T, at constant pressure

Gay-Lussac’s Law

pressure, p, of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, T, at constant volume

Kinetic Theory of Gases

1. no intermolecular forces of attraction between particles of ideal gas

2. volume of ideal gas particles is negligible compared to volume of container

3. collisions between particles of an ideal gas are perfectly elastic (no loss of KE)

4. gas particles are in rapid, continuous and random motion

5. average KE of the particles is proportional to its absolute temperature in Kelvin

conditions for gas to behave more ideally

• low pressure (so volume of particles insignificant)

• high temperature (intermolecular forces of attraction negligible)