Biology Test 2

Why does hydrogen act like a metal?

because it likes to donate electrons

Why does oxygen act like a nonmetal?

because it likes to take electrons, it becomes negative

What is Hydrogen

Hydrogen is oxidized by oxygen and oxygen is reduced by Hydrogen

Polar

unequal sharing of electrons

Example of a Polar molecule

water is a polar covalent bond

Non polar

equal sharing of electrons

Electronegativity

Ability of an atom to pull an electron

Specific Heat

The amount of energy required to heat one gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

Compare water and the specific heat of water

Water is itself and the specific heat of water is a property of water that quantifies its ability to absorb and release heat.

Compare dry air and the specific heat of dry air

Dry air refers to the mixture of gases without any water vapor and the specific heat of dry air is a property that measures how much heat energy is needed to change the temperature of a given mass of dry air.

What is an example of specific heat?

An example of specific heat is when you sweat while working out. The sweat absorbs the heat released from your body in order to cool you down.

Hydrogen Bonding

The attraction of positive Hydrogen ions to an ionic/negative atom or surface

Result of the breaking of hydrogen bonds

What causes water to expand?

Hydrogen Bonding

Adhesion

is the attraction of one kind of molecules to other kinds of molecules

Example of Adhesion

is when water droplets stick to leaves after a rainfall

Acids

Any substance that increases the concentration of the Hydrogen ion when it dissolves in water

Example of an acid

Sulfuric acid which is used to remove paint

Cohesion

is the state of molecules sticking together due to an electromagnetic force

Universal Solvent

is used to describe water and is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid

Why is Universal Solvent an excellent solvent?

Because of its chemical structure

What is an acid?

An acid is a substance that releases Hydrogen protons into a solution

What is a Base?

a base is a substance that releases Oxygen Hydrogens into a solution

Strong v.s weak base

Strong- completely breaks down molecules

Weak- incomplete or partial breakdown of molecules

Buffers

Resist pH change