Studied by 16 people
Progressivism
Philosophy advocating for change/reform through GOVERNMENT ACTION
16th amendment
income tax
17th amendment
direct election of senators
18th amendment
prohibition (ban on alcohol)
19th amendment
women’s suffrage (women can vote)
strike
primary weapon used by workers and labor unions against harsh working conditions
lockout
business owner locks their employees out
yellow dog contract
a worker promises to never join a union
blacklist
no-one will hire you
Sherman antitrust act
an attempt to limit trusts that interfered with free trade, later combined with Interstate Commerce Act
National Labor Union
exclusive labor union that experienced may economic recessions for being so
Knights of Labor
more inclusive labor union, achieved the 8 hour workday
Theodore Roosevelt
American politician, statesman, conservationist, naturalist, and writer who served as the 26th president of the United States
Pure Food/Drug Act
provided federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated food products
Muckrakers
nickname given by TR to journalists/photographers exposing poor working conditions (ex. Jacob Riis)
Meat Inspection Act
pushed by author Upton Sinclair
Hepburn Act
passed by TR, regulation of railroad rates and pure foods/drugs, saw it as fair + negotiated a settlement to the great Coal Strike of 1902
Hetch Hetchy Controversy
a dam was built by TR in hetch hetchy valley, destroying wildlife and nature by TR. This was a great controversy of his career
Imperialism
“New Manifest Destiny”; policy of extending a country’s power through diplomacy and military strategies
Open Door Policy
protected China’s territorial integrity + open trade (but China was not consulted about this)
Alfred T. Mahan: The influence of Sea Power upon History
a writing to build up the American navy, by 1900 U.S. was the 3rd largest in the world
Hawaii
Originally used as a trade port in between US-China, eventually U.S. staged a rebellion and had it annexed
Spanish-American War
War that ended with U.S. annexing what was left of Spain’s new world empire
Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines
countries annexed by the U.S. following the Spanish-American War
William Mckinley
took presidency 1897 and protested Spanish actions towards cubans
yellow journalism
style of newspaper reporting that emphasized sensationalism over facts
Insular Cases
Supreme Court Case (1901) dealing with island/countries recently annexed (denied citizenship to Puerto ricans+filipinos)
Panama Canal
U.S supports Panama in revolution against Columbia for independence in exchange for this
Big Stick Diplomacy
TR idea, U.S. has a right to intervene in the world
Roosevelt Corollary
addition to Monroe Doctrine, big stick diplomacy
Dollar Diplomacy
TR idea, relied on American Business investing internationally
Jacob Riis
wrote how the other half lives, he is a muckracker
bull moose party
progressive party
US Battleship maine
boat that blows up in havana harbor
Anti imperialist league
league of americans opposed to imperialistic practices
Triple Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente
Great Britain, France, Russia
Constriction
military draft
Archduke Francis Ferdinand
assassinated by serbian terrorist group, ignites WW1
western front
Germany vs US, UK, France
eastern front
Germany, Austria-Hungary vs Russia
Schlieffen Plan
plan designed by Germany to quickly defeat France on the western front
trench warfare
type of combat strategy used during WW1 where opposing armies would dig elaborate systems of trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire, conditions were harsh, with soldiers facing constant danger, disease, and psychological stress
war of attrition
war strategy where the goal is to wear out the opposing side
Lusitania
British passenger liner Germany destroyed killing 128 americans
Zimmerman telegraph
message from Germany to Mexico claiming Germany will help Mexico regain lost territories if they fight the U.S. in the war. This message is intercepted by the British and they release it to the public.
unrestricted submarine warfare
immediate cause of U.S. involvement in WW1
Committee on Public Information
job was to sell the war to America and spread propaganda
war bond
Americans would pay the government to fund the war and receive interest back
Espionage Act, Sedition Act
made it illegal to criticize the government during the war
the Great Migration
a wave of black people moving north searching for industrial jobs
Armistice
signed by the German government to stop fighting on Nov, 11, 1918
League of Nations
Wilson sacrificed many of his “14 points” to get this, he hoped it would end world wars for ever although the U.S. never joined.
Treaty of Versailles
treaty signed to end the war
isolationism
ideology on the rise in the U.S. following WW1, act of separating from foreign people and cultures
Sacco and Vanzetti
court case in Massachusetts in which to individuals were found guilty primarily for the case of them being italian
Red Scare
fear of the Soviet Union/communism
Emergency Quota Act
act that allowed only 3% of every nationality that immigrated from the year before
National Origins Act
act that allowed only 2% of every nationality that immigrated from the year before, slowly ended an era of unrestricted immigration to the U.S.
Note
Flashcard