GERIA - WEEK 11 (GENITOURINARY)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

is a health issue that becomes more common with age. Enlarged prostate (common in older men)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

SYMPTOMS:

Weak urine stream

Frequent urination (day & night)

Urgency or dribbling

Feeling bladder not empty

Interrupted sleep (nocturia)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

DIAGNOSIS:

Urinalysis

Post-void residual

PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) test

Ultrasound or cystoscopy

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

TREATMENT:

Alpha blockers (Cardura, Hytrin, Flomax)

5-alpha reductase inhibitors (Proscar)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

SURGERY: TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate) procedure (removes prostate tissue)

Prostate cancer

Is cancer that develops in the prostate, a small, walnut-shaped gland located below the bladder and in front of the rectum in males.

Prostate cancer

2nd leading cancer in men

Prostate cancer

RISKS: Age, fatty diet, family history

Prostate cancer

SYMPTOMS:

Difficulty urinating

Blood in urine/semen

Back or thigh pain

Prostate cancer

DIAGNOSIS: DRE (Digital Rectal Exam), PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen), Biopsy

Prostate cancer

TREATMENT: Surgery, Radiation, Monitoring

Urinary incontinence

Involuntary leakage of urine

Urinary incontinence

Common in older adults, especially women

Stress

leak when coughing/sneezing

Urge

sudden urge to urinate

Mixed

stress + urge

Overflow

bladder overfills

Functional

can't reach toilet in time

Total

continuous leakage

Urinary incontinence

EFFECTS:

Anxiety and embarrassment

Skin breakdown

Low self-esteem

Urinary incontinence

CAUSES (DIAPERS):

D - Delirium/Dementia

I - Infection

A - Atrophic changes

P - Pharmaceuticals

E - Endocrine disorders

R - Restricted mobility

S - Stool impaction

Behavioral Management (First Line)

Maintain hydration and bowel regularity

Prompted voiding (schedule)

Bladder training (longer intervals)

Pelvic floor exercises (Kegels)

Pseudoephedrine

tightens bladder neck

Duloxetine

improves muscle control

Estrogen

For women

Doxazosin

relaxes urinary sphincters

Finasteride/Dutasteride

shrinks prostate