(BACTE LAB): Bacterial Smear Preparation and Simple Stain

Direct Smear from Swab

rolling the swab across the slide to avoid destruction of cellular entities

Direct Smears from Concentrated Specimens

smears of concentrated centrifuged specimens by using a sterile, plastic transfer pipette

Smears from Cultures (subculture smears)

spreading a thin film of bacteria on the surface of a clean glass slide

Smears from Blood Culture Bottles

a preparation of a blood sample on a slide that can be examined under a microscope

Smears from Solid Media

the process of preparing a thin film of bacterial cells on a microscope slide by transferring a small sample of bacteria grown on a solid culture medium (like an agar plate) to a drop of sterile water on the slide, then spreading it evenly to create a suitable specimen for staining and microscopic examination

Inoculating Loop

Inoculating Needle

Simple Staining

The use of a single stain to color a bacterial organism is commonly referred to as?

methylene blue, basic fuchsin, and crystal violet

most commonly used dyes for simple staining are?

Hans Christian Gram

Danish bacteriologist who originally devised Gram Staining in 1882 (published 1884)

Gram Staining

It is almost always the first test performed for the identification of bacteria.

Crystal Violet

primary stain of the Gram's method is?

Methylene Blue

gram staining is sometimes substituted with?

Gram Positive

retain crystal violet-iodine complex; purple complex

Gram Negative

Others that are not stained by crystal violet that appear RED are

Gram Positive Cocci

Gram Negative Cocci

Gram Positive Bacilli

Gram Negative Bacilli

Cocci

generally round, oval or spherical shaped

Bacilli

rod shaped bacteria

Spirilla

spiral-shaped bacteria with a rigid structure

Yeast

may appear as single cells that may have buds. it also appears to be circular or ovoid larger than cocci

Single

a single bacterium

Diplo

pair of bacteria

Tetrad

a group of four bacteria arranged in a square

Sarcina

group of eight bacteria arranged in a cube

in Clusters

bacteria are arranged in clusters

in Chains

bacteria are arranged in chains

Coccus

Diplococci

Tetrad

Sarcina

Staphylococci

Streptococci

Bacillus

Diplobacilli

Streptobacilli

Vibrio

Pallisades

Coccobacilli

Spirochetes

Spirilla

𝘊𝘰𝘳𝘺𝘯𝘦𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘶𝘮 𝘥𝘪𝘱𝘩𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘢𝘦

Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria

𝘝𝘪𝘣𝘳𝘪𝘰 𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘦

causative agent of cholera

𝘛𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘢 𝘱𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘮

causative agent of Syphillis

𝘏𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘤𝘰𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘺𝘭𝘰𝘳𝘪

causative agent of bacterial ulcer

spiral organisms

all _______ are reported as gram negative

All COCCI are GRAM POSITIVE except:

𝘕𝘦𝘪𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘩𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘝𝘦𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘔𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘹𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

All BACILLI are GRAM NEGATIVE except:

𝘔𝘺𝘤𝘰𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘶𝘮 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘊𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘥𝘪𝘶𝘮 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘊𝘰𝘳𝘺𝘯𝘦𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘶𝘮 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘉𝘢𝘤𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘶𝘴 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘌𝘳𝘺𝘴𝘪𝘱𝘦𝘭𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘹 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘓𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘱.

𝘓𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘰𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘶𝘴 𝘴𝘱𝘱.