The Evolution of Psychology

A set of flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on the evolution of psychology, including definitions and important figures.

Psychology

The scientific study of behaviour and the mind.

Behaviour

Actions and responses that can be observed.

Mind

Internal states and processes that are not directly observable.

Perspectives on Behaviour

Different ways of viewing and interpreting behaviour.

Nativism

The philosophical view that certain skills or abilities are innate or hardwired.

Empiricism

The theory that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.

Mind-Body Dualism

The belief that the mind and body are separate entities that interact.

Monism

The belief that the mind and body are one and that mental events are a product of physical events.

Wilhelm Wundt

Considered the father of psychology; he founded the first research lab in psychology.

Structuralism

A psychological approach that analyzes the structure of mental processes through introspection.

Functionalism

A psychological approach that focuses on the function of mental processes rather than their structure.

Behaviourism

The psychological perspective emphasizing the role of environmental control over behaviour through learning.

Sigmund Freud

The creator of Psychoanalysis, who focused on the unconscious mind's influence on behaviour.

Radical Behaviourism

A view led by B.F. Skinner that denies the importance of internal states in explaining behaviour.

Humanistic Perspective

Emphasizes free will, personal growth, and the search for meaning in life.

Self-actualization

The realization or fulfillment of one's talents and potential, regarded as a primary goal.