week 3 reading ch 7

What causes lipemia in a specimen?

Increased fatty compounds in blood

Before any specimen is collected a ______ way match must be made between the order, information on label and patient's statement of identity.

three

A specimen to be collected in a basal state means the patient should be ______.

fasting with no exercise

What color will the serum be in a severely lipemic specimen?

Milky white

In bedridden patients, calcium levels may be Blank______.

diluted

What causes lipemia in a specimen?

Increased fatty compounds in blood

How is a specimen usually transported outside the facility?

courier

The chain of custody accounts for the specimen from the time of collection until when?

Final disposition

What may be used as a cleaning agent when collecting a blood alcohol specimen?

Green surgical soap , hydrogen peroxide

What is the scientific study of poisons, drugs, and medications?

Toxicology

When collecting blood from a line attached to a venous access device, the nurse must first flush the line with Blank______.

saline

What is the process of spinning down a tube of blood in order to separate cells from the liquid portion of blood?

Centrifuging

What must be done to nonadditive tubes and serum separator tubes (SSTs) prior to centrifugation?

They should be completely clotted.

What is an aerosol?

a small particle

What is the recommended time that specimens be separated in for tests that require serum or plasma?

2 hours

What term means the destruction of red blood cells?

Hemolysis

Laboratory centrifuges are designed to separate what from the liquid in the blood?

cells

What is the term for an error made before the specimen is analyzed?

Pre-examination error

What must be done to the specimen if it is collected using the incorrect type of tube?

Re-collected

What must be done if a specimen collected in an anticoagulant tube clots?

Recollect the specimen

What is accomplished by placing tubes of equal size and volume directly across from each other in the centrifuge?

balancing

Only blood culture tubes may be collected before the coagulation tube. 

false

What is the term for when results of the same test are compared with previous results on the same patient?

delta check

What may occur if a specimen is not labeled correctly?

Specimen rejection

What causes hemoconcentration?

Prolonged tourniquet application

Patient factors affecting laboratory results include all the following EXCEPT:

Height

Which of the following does NOT result in hemoconcentration?

Water intoxication

Which of the following is a common laboratory test that requires the specimen to be protected from light to prevent altering its chemical composition?

Bilirubin

________blank can be out of balance during profuse or heavy sweating and dehydration.

Electrolytes

The abbreviation GHS stands for:

Globally Harmonized System

A fasting specimen may be required for which of the following:

glucose

The threat of bodily harm to another or "reasonable apprehension of bodily harm" is known as:

assault

The phlebotomist is drawing a CBC and electrolytes from an oncology patient. What is the best course of action to obtain a suitable sample?

Using a syringe and butterfly set, draw the sample, transfer the sample to gold-topped and then lavender-topped tubes, allowing the vacuum action to fill the tubes, label the tubes, and deliver them to the lab.

The phlebotomist is drawing a CBC from an elderly patient. Because the patient has fragile veins, the phlebotomist uses a syringe to perform the draw. What would be the best course of action post-puncture?

Immediately transfer the blood to a lavender-topped tube, invert the tube to mix the additive, label the tube, and deliver it to the lab.

You have a requisition for a PTT, which requires a light-blue-topped tube be collected. Upon checking the patient's veins, you have decided the best method to use to collect the specimen is with a butterfly needle and an evacuated tube. What should you do because you are using a butterfly needle?

Collect a small amount of blood in a non-additive, discard tube before you collect the light-blue-topped tube to keep the blood and additive ratio balanced.

What kind of fire is the phlebotomist most likely to encounter?

Ordinary combustible trash such as cloth, paper, or wood

Which agency developed the labeling system for hazardous chemicals that are frequently used in healthcare facilities?

NFPA

What information is provided in safety data sheets (SDS), formerly called material safety data sheets (MSDS)?

First-aid measures, handling and storage of chemicals, exposure control and personal protection

Which of the following does NOT result in hemodilution?

Diarrhea

Examples of laboratory results that vary by altitude and geographic location include all of the following EXCEPT:

Cholesterol

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) passed the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act in 2001. What is the intent of the law?

To mandate the use of safety devices that reduce needlestick injuries.

The action that causes bodily harm to another or bodily contact made without permission, such as drawing blood without the patient's consent, is:

battery