world history sem 1

law of iron wages is

when wages are high people have more children, but a higher population leads to lower wages which leads to a lower reproduction creating a cycle

stephenson

steam locomotive

watt

improved steam engine

newcomen

1st steam engine

marx

the communist manifesto

kay

flying shuttle

owen

factory rights 

fulton

steam boat

stuart mill

utilitarianism

tull

seed drill

hargreaves

spinning jenny

townshend

composting

arkwright 

water frame

darby

smelting iron into steel

smith

wealth of nations, laissez faire

malthus

population will outgrow food supply

ricardo

law of iron wages

bentham

utilitarianism

charles darwin

the origin of species 

marconi

radio

nobel

dynamite

volta

battery

faraday

dynamo

edison 

light bulb

graham bell

telephone

the industrial revolution started in

britain

2nd country to industrialize

belgium

inventions

• anesthetic

• antiseptic

• sewing machine

• steam power

• steam engine

• cotton gin

• skyscrapers

• steelworks

who invented steam power

james watt

population of britian went from

5 to 9 mil

population of europe went from

120 to 190 mil

energy inventions

• water mills

• windmills

• coal

reasons why britain was first to industrialize

• resources: large supplies of coal and iron, larger working force

• new technology: skilled mechanics 

• economic conditions: britain was wealthy 

• political and social conditions: stable government 

travel inventions

• steam locomotive and railroad

• steamboat

• steam freighters 

new religion created

methodism

who wrote the health of nations

adam smith

thomas malthus’ theory

economic growth will outpace the food supply

david ricardo

argued that when wages were high people has more children and this provided more people for the work force which lowered wages and led to higher unemployment 

after Malthus and Ricardo ecomonics became known as the

dismal science

utilitarianism is

the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people

socialism is

everyone owns and operates everything

• believed in the good nature of people

• wanted to eliminate the gap between rich and poor

karl marx wrote the

communist manifesto

karl marxs’ thinking

• agreed with socialism 

• have and have nots

have

bourgeoisie

have nots

proleteriat

what country is the leading industrial power

usa

alfred nobel invented what

dynamite

what replaced steam as the dominant source of power

electricity

alessandro volta

the battery

michael faraday

dynamo 

thomas edison

light bulb

who invented the car

nikolaus otto, karl benz, gottlieb daimler

who improved the car

henry ford

the wright brothers flew the

kitty hawk

samuel morse invented what

morse code

alexander graham bell 

the telephone

guglielmo marconi

the radio

between 1800 and 1900 the world population

doubles

louis pasteur discovered

the link between germs and disease, vaccines, and pasteurization

charles darwin wrote

the origin of species

social darwinism is

the survival of the fittest

• racism 

jethro tull

seed drill

james hargreaves

spinning jenny

richard arkwright

water frame / water mill

abraham darby

smelting iron into steel

george stephenson

steam locomotive

james watt

perfected the steam engine

thomas newcomen

1st steam engine

john kay

flying shuttle

robert fulton

steam boat

charles townshend

• father of agriculture revolution

• made composting 

robert owen

factory workers rights

john stuart mill

utilitarianism ??

jeremy bentham

utilitarianism ??

david ricardo

??

nikola tesla

electricity

luddites

english workers who destroyed machinery as they were scared it threatened their job

proletariat

working class people

bourgeoisie

upper class

utopians

??

valuable spices

cinnamon, cloves, salt, nutmeg, and pepper

most important trade route

suez canal

motivation for europeans exploring the sea

1. europeans wanted direct access to the asian trade market!!!

2. wanted to bypass the Mediterranean sea

3. desire to learn more about the lands outside of europe

european improved technology 

1. cartographers — more accurate maps

2. spread christiantiy 

3. astrolabe — determine latitude at sea

4. caravel — improved sailing ships

improvements on ships

1. triangle sails

2. rutter

3. reinforced hull 

dead reckoner 

a person who can use an astrolabe 

because sea travel is dangerous boat crews are usually

criminals

henry the navigator

• wanted to gain wealth for portugal and spread christianity 

• took a 10 month voyage to india 

  • struggles with hunger, thirst, and scurvy 

  • trading with india is very profitable 

only the captain will know how to read an astrolabe to avoid a

mutany

who begins the african slave trade

portugal

who controlled the seas in 1500s

spain / portugal

who controlled the seas in 1600s

dutch

who controlled the seas in 1700s

england / france

who controlled the seas in 1800s

england

columbus is an

italian explorer

columbus wanted to

find a shortcut to india

which country didnt support columbus

portugal

which country did support columbus

spain

why did columbus need portugal and spain’s support

they ruled the seas

what treaty did spain and portugal sign to split the planet

treaty of tordesillas