Graphics Quiz 1

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Use of computers (or workstations) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design

• Used to increase productivity of designer, improve quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a database for manufacturing

• Output is often electronic files for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations

• 2D and 3D software developed by Autodesk

• General drafting and design application

Evolution of BIM

Paper-based drawings → 2D CAD → 3D CAD → BIM

Hand Drawings

They use too much paper

• Slower to produce

• Accuracy dependent on skill set of drafter

• Too much information affects readability

Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Has objects, not just geometries

Ties information to objects

• The process of generating and managing building data during its life cycle

• The process of generating and managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of a built asset during its life cycle

• Serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility

Interactive (Two-Way) Computer Graphics (ICG)

• Denotes a user-oriented system in which the computer is employed to create, transform, and display data in the form of pictures and symbols

• Image is constructed out of basic geometric elements - points, lines, circles

• Modified according to demand of the designer

• It can be enlarged, reduced in size, moved to another screen, rotated, etc

Benefits of BIM

• Improved productivity

• Shorter prep time for drawings

• Reduced manpower requirements

• Customer modifications in drawings are easier

• More efficient operation in drafting

• Low wastage in drawing

• Minimized transcription errors

• Improved accuracy

• Assistance in prep of documentation

• Better designs can be evolved

Quick Access Toolbar

Displays frequently used tools

Ribbon Tab

Organizes tools into logical groupings and provides a compact palette of all tools necessary to create or modify drawings

Command Line

Used to create objects with commands by writing

Status Bar

Displays the cursor location, drawing tools, and tools that affect drawing environment

• Provides quick access to some of the most commonly used drawing tools

• Common settings include grid, snap, polar tracking, and object snap

Graphic Cursor

a cross

Drawing Space

Black space on the screen

User Coordinate System (UCS)

Establish locatoin and orientation of a moveable Cartesian coordinate system

Major Features of AutoCAD

• Basic setup of drawing

• Drawing of objects using various elements

• Changing properties of object

• Transformation on object

• Text

• Dimensioning

• Filling of objects with different patterns

• Creating libraries

Two Drawing Environments

1. Model Space - used for plotting

2. Paper Space - Used to scale drawings to a paper

Revit

Autodesk software application for BIM which allows professionals in architecture, engineering, and construction to create detailed 3D models of buildings and infrastructure processes

• Supports the entire project lifecycle, from design to documentation to contrsuction and operations, by providing tools for parametric modeling, real-time collaboration, and integrated documentation like planes, sections, and schedules

Templates

Files preprogrammed with certain settings (residential, commercial, etc) and also comes with furniture

Families

Groups of objects that fit in different settings of buildings

• different systems used in drawings

Project

Start with template and convert template into the project

Instance Parameters

Specific for each element (one object)

Type Parameters

Related to the family type (all objects in family)

Units

Set them up immediately

Manage → project units

Shortcut UN

Levels

architecture → data → levels

Floor Plans

View → plan views → shows what’s available in drawing

Elevation

View → elevation

Programming

Figuring out details of waht you want with the building

Conceptual Design

Somebody comes in and tries to design what you want

Detailed Design

Detailed design of building

Analysis

Structural information and elements, energy analysis

Documentation

Information is documented and schedule is made

Fabrication

Pre-order materials

Construction 4D/5D

How exactly to build the building

Construction Logistics

Crew details

Operation and Maitenance

Building is complete but needs constant renovation

Demolition

End of building life cycle, know which materials can be recycled and time and resources needed