Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Review

These flashcards cover key concepts, assessments, diagnostics, interventions, medications, client education, and potential complications related to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) to aid in exam preparation.

What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?

A non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that can cause urinary symptoms.

What are the common urinary symptoms of BPH?

Increased frequency, urgency, nocturia, hesitancy, and weak urine flow.

What causes the urinary symptoms in BPH?

Enlarged prostate compresses the urethra, obstructing urine flow.

What is bladder distention?

A condition where the bladder is not fully emptied, leading to a palpable fullness.

How is bladder distention assessed?

By palpating the bladder for fullness and performing a bladder scan.

What is the expected finding in bladder distention?

Palpable bladder and increased post-void residual.

What can lead to urinary retention in BPH patients?

Chronic bladder overdistention due to incomplete bladder emptying.

What are signs of urinary retention?

Discomfort, restlessness, bladder fullness, and overflow incontinence.

What is a urinalysis used for in BPH evaluation?

To detect complications such as urinary tract infection (UTI) or bleeding.

What does an elevated PSA indicate?

It assesses for prostate enlargement or malignancy.

What does post-void residual (PVR) measurement assess?

It indicates incomplete bladder emptying.

What is the expected result of a Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) in BPH?

An enlarged, smooth prostate.

Why is monitoring urinary output important in BPH patients?

To detect the progression and complications of the condition.

What is a recommended intervention for patients with BPH?

Encourage a voiding schedule to prevent retention.

What is the rationale for preparing for surgical intervention in BPH?

Procedures like TURP relieve urinary obstruction.

What are Alpha-Blockers, and what is their action?

Medications like tamsulosin that relax the bladder neck and prostate to improve urine flow.

What nursing action is important when administering Alpha-Blockers?

Monitor blood pressure and watch for orthostatic hypotension.

What is the role of 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors in BPH treatment?

These medications, like finasteride, reduce prostate size over time.

What side effect should be monitored for with 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors?

Sexual dysfunction.

When are antibiotics used in BPH patients?

When a urinary tract infection is present.

What lifestyle modifications should be taught to BPH patients?

Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and bladder irritants.

Why is medication adherence important for BPH patients?

It ensures symptom control and prevents disease progression.

What should be monitored after surgical intervention in BPH?

Bleeding, infection, and catheter care.

What is the risk of urinary retention in BPH, and how can it be prevented?

Timely treatment, bladder training, and monitoring output are essential.

What is the prevention strategy for urinary tract infections in BPH patients?

Encouraging fluid intake, hygiene, and complete bladder emptying.

How can renal damage be prevented in patients with BPH?

By monitoring renal function and treating obstructions early.

What does post-void residual (PVR) indicate if it is increased?

It indicates incomplete bladder emptying.

What complications can arise from untreated BPH?

Urinary retention, urinary tract infections, and renal damage.

What rationale supports regular monitoring of urinary symptoms in BPH?

To detect progression of the condition and possible complications.

Why is bladder scan performed in BPH assessment?

To check for bladder fullness and assess post-void residual.

What kind of prostate findings are expected in a Digital Rectal Exam for BPH?

An enlarged and smooth prostate.

What medications are commonly prescribed for BPH?

Alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, and antibiotics.

What does the term 'nocturia' refer to in the context of BPH?

The need to wake at night to urinate.

What type of pain might indicate urinary retention in BPH patients?

Lower abdominal pain.

What rationale supports the need for urinary output monitoring in BPH patients?

To prevent acute urinary retention and monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

What dietary changes can help alleviate BPH symptoms?

Reducing intake of bladder irritants like caffeine and alcohol.

How does urine flow change in patients with BPH?

It may be weak and difficult to initiate.

What is the significance of monitoring for overflow incontinence in BPH patients?

It indicates possible severe urinary retention and requires intervention.

How can patients participate in their treatment of BPH?

By adhering to medications and following a voiding schedule.

What is TURP in the context of BPH management?

Transurethral resection of the prostate, a surgical intervention.

What is one major expected effect of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors on the prostate?

Reduction in prostate size.

How can patients monitor for complications post-surgery?

By checking for signs of bleeding, infection, and maintaining catheter care.

What does the Rationale support when encouraging fluid intake in BPH patients?

It helps in reducing the risks of UTI and promotes good bladder health.

In BPH, what does 'dribbling urine' indicate?

It can be a sign of urinary retention.