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Who can introduce a bill?

Any member of Congress

Which type of resolution is used to approve constitutional amendments?

A joint resolution

Where do "all bills for raising revenue" originate?

The House

Once a bill is introduced, where does it go next?

To the consideration of a committee

If a committee does not report a bill out favorably, how can the bill remain alive?

If the committee is in the House, a discharge petition can initiate a vote to bring the bill to the floor to a vote

Which part of Congress has more restrictive rules on how a bill can be debate on the floor?

The House

Cloture Rule

Allows for a vote to end debate on a topic in the Senate if 60 Senators approve

Pork-Barrel Spending

Funds marked for specific purposes in a legislator's district

Unanimous Consent

A model of quick voting in the Senate

Lon-Rolling

When members of Congress trade votes to get their bills supported

Filibuster

Lengthy speeches given in the Senate to prevent voting on a bill

This process helps non-controversial or widely supported legislation make it quickly through the House of Representatives.

Voice Vote (yeas or nays)

After a bill is passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate, the differences between the bills are worked out in a

Conference Committee

Which of the following TWO statements are true.
a. The veto power is a rule established by the Senate, not something in the Constitution.
b. Presidents in the modern era use the veto power frequently.
c. Presidents are more likely to use the veto power if both houses of Congress are controlled by the opposing party.This answer is correct.
d. Presidents rarely use the veto, and it is even rarer that a veto is overridden.

Presidents are more likely to use the veto power if both houses of Congress are controlled by the opposing party. AND Presidents rarely use the veto, and it is even rarer that a veto is overridden.

Which power do both the Senate Majority Leader and the House Rules Committee have to influence legislation?

They determine if or how a bill will be voted on by the full chamber.

Appropriations

The money Congress spends

Pork

Spending that is only for one Congressional district and is intended to help that representative get re-elected

Discretionary Spending

Money in the annual budget that runs out if not renewed.

Mandatory Spending

Included entitlement spending like social security and Medicare, as well as debt payments.

Omnibus

Combining bills from different committees together to help secure passage.

Congressional Budget Office

Non-partisan "scorers" of bills to help Congress see how much money they will really cost.