3._Bone_marrow__2024

Hematopoiesis

The process by which blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow.

Bone Marrow

The tissue enclosed by cortical and cancellous bone, consisting mostly of hematopoietic cells, adipose tissue, and supportive tissue.

Aspirate

A procedure performed to obtain fluid or tissue samples, often used in the context of bone marrow evaluation.

Core Biopsy

A technique involving a bone biopsy needle that cuts a solid core of bone marrow for examination.

Erythropoiesis

The process of red blood cell production, including stages from rubriblast to mature erythrocyte.

Megakaryocyte

Large multinucleated cells in the bone marrow that produce platelets.

Hypercellular

A condition where there are more than 75% hematopoietic cells present in the bone marrow.

Hypocellular

A condition where there are less than 25% hematopoietic cells present in the bone marrow.

Neutropenia

A hematologic condition characterized by abnormally low levels of neutrophils.

Lymphocytosis

An increase in lymphocyte count in the blood, often associated with various health conditions.

Myelodysplasia

A group of disorders caused by poorly formed or dysfunctional blood cells due to abnormal development.

Leukemia

A type of cancer characterized by the proliferation of immature blood cells in the bone marrow and blood.

Erythroid Series

A progression of cells involved in the formation of red blood cells, from immature forms to mature erythrocytes.

Granulocyte

A type of white blood cell characterized by the presence of granules in its cytoplasm, including neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

Stem Cell Disorders

Conditions affecting the hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, which can be reversible or irreversible.

Aplasia

A condition in which there is a failure of the bone marrow to produce blood cells.

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Undifferentiated cells in the bone marrow that give rise to all blood cell types.

Thrombocyte

Another term for platelets, which are small cell fragments involved in blood clotting.

Bone Biopsy

A medical procedure to collect samples from the bone, often performed to evaluate bone marrow.

Erythrocytosis

An abnormal increase in red blood cell mass, which can result in increased blood viscosity.

Agranulocytosis

A severe decrease in the number of granulocytes in the blood, leading to increased risk of infections.

Hemoglobinopathy

A group of disorders caused by abnormalities in the structure of hemoglobin.

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

A group of disorders characterized by the overproduction of blood cells due to excessive proliferation of bone marrow stem cells.

Sideroblastic Anemia

A type of anemia characterized by the presence of ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow.

Cytopenia

A reduction in the number of blood cells, which can affect red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.