Course 1 Module 3 Flashcards

Android

A mobile operating system based on Linux.

Application

A computer program designed for a specific use.

BIOS/UEFI

A low-level software that initializes our computer's hardware to make sure everything is good to go.

Block storage

Improves faster handling of data because the data isn't stored in one long piece but in blocks, allowing quicker access.

Boot

To start up a computer.

Bootloader

A small program that loads the operating system.

Chrome OS

A Linux-based operating system designed by Google.

Command Line Interface (CLI)

A shell that uses text commands to interact with the operating system.

Computer file

Data that we store, which can be anything from a document to a picture.

Data blocks

Data that can be broken down into many pieces and written to different parts of the hard disk.

Distributions

Common Linux distributions include Ubuntu, Debian, and Red Hat.

Etcher.io

A tool used to load an install image onto your USB device and make it bootable.

File extension

The appended part of a filename indicating the file type.

File handling

The process of storing data using a program.

File system

A system used to manage files.

Finder

The file manager for all Macs.

Folders/Directories

Used to organize files.

Hardware resource deficiency

Refers to the lack of system resources like memory and hard drive space.

HFS+/APFS

HFS+ is a journaling system developed by Apple Inc., while APFS is a more encrypted Apple journaling system.

Hostname

Used to identify the computer in communications with other computers.

Input/Output device

A device that performs both input and output functions.

Install image

A downloadable operating system image used to install an OS on a device.

I/O management

Handles the input and output of data.

iOS

A mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc.

Kernel

The core component of an operating system that manages processes.

Logs

Files that record system events.

Mac OS

Apple's operating system.

Memory management

A function of the kernel that optimizes memory usage for applications.

Metadata

Information about a file, including creation details and access permissions.

Microsoft Terminal Services Client

A client program for creating RDP connections to remote computers.

Open SSH

The most popular program for using SSH within Linux.

Operating system

The package that manages computer resources and user interaction.

PC

Personal computer, a computer for individual use.

Plink (PuTTY Link)

A tool for making remote SSH connections via command line.

Powershell

A shell for Windows that interprets text commands.

Power user

Above average computer users.

Process management

Managing the execution order and resource use of running programs.

Qwiklabs

An online platform for training in cloud services.

Remote connection

Connecting to a computer or network from a distance.

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

A protocol for securely connecting to another device remotely.

Scalability

The ability to adjust system performance and cost with changing loads.

Shell

A program that interprets and executes text commands.

SSH (Secure shell)

A protocol for secure computer access.

SSH authentication key

A secure method for accessing a computer from another device.

SSH client

A program necessary for establishing an SSH connection.

SSH server

Software that allows devices to accept SSH connections.

Standardization

Developing common technical standards for IT products and processes.

Swap space

Space on the hard drive for virtual memory when physical memory is full.

System

A group of hardware and software components working together.

System settings

User-configurable settings for display, accounts, and devices.

Task bar

Provides quick options and shows information like notifications and connectivity.

Terminal

A text-based interface to the computer.

Time slice

A short interval for process CPU execution.

Ubuntu

The most popular Linux consumer distribution.

User name

A unique identifier for a user account.

User space

The part of an operating system users directly interact with.

Virtual Box

An application to install Linux isolated from your machine.

Virtual machine (VM)

An application that uses physical resources to run multiple OS.

Virtual memory

Combines hard drive space and RAM to act like memory.

VPN (Virtual private network)

A secure method of connecting to a private network over the internet.