AP World History Study Guide: Unit Four - Transoceanic Interconnections (c. 1450 to c. 1750)

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and events discussed in the AP World History Unit on Transoceanic Interconnections from c. 1450 to c. 1750.

Caravel

A new ship type developed by the Portuguese that allowed for exploration of coastal Africa and the Atlantic Ocean.

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of crops, animals, and diseases between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres following European exploration and colonization of the Americas.

Mercantilism

An economic theory that emphasizes the role of the state in managing the economy, especially in promoting exports and accumulating wealth through trade.

Encomienda System

A labor system used by Spanish colonists in the Americas, granting them the right to extract labor from indigenous peoples.

Joint-stock companies

Business entities where investors pooled their resources for overseas exploration, allowing for shared risks and profits.

Maroons

Fugitive slaves who escaped from plantations and formed independent communities, particularly in the Caribbean and Brazil.

Pueblo Revolts

Indigenous uprisings in the Americas against European colonizers, notably the 1680 revolt against Spanish rule in present-day New Mexico.

Astrolabe

An ancient instrument used by navigators to measure the altitude of celestial bodies, improving navigation during the Age of Exploration.

Tokugawa Japan

A period of Japanese history (1603-1868) characterized by isolationist policies aiming to limit European influence.

The Asante Empire

A West African empire that engaged in trade with Europeans from the 15th century and became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.