Periodic Table and Element Families

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and definitions related to the periodic table, focusing on the properties and behaviors of different element families.

Group 1 Metals

Known as alkali metals; very reactive with low ionization energies and typically stored under kerosene or mineral oil.

Ionization Energy

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom; decreases down a group in the periodic table.

Single Displacement Reaction

A type of reaction where one element replaces another element in a compound, commonly observed with alkali metals reacting with water.

Phenolphthalein

An acid-base indicator that turns red in basic solutions, used to test for the presence of hydroxide ions.

Alkaline Earth Metals

Elements in group 2 of the periodic table; react less vigorously than alkali metals and are not stored under oil.

Noble Gases

Group 8 elements that are largely nonreactive or inert due to their full valence electron shells.

Sublimation

The process where a solid transitions directly to a gas without passing through a liquid phase, exemplified by iodine.

Metalloids

Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals; found along the zigzag line on the periodic table.

Transition Metals

Elements located in the central block of the periodic table; known for gradual change in properties and a variety of oxidation states.

Complex Ion

Ions formed from a central transition metal ion bonded to surrounding ligands, significant in coordination chemistry.