Transition metal colours

[Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Pale blue Solution

[Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Pale green solution

[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Yellow Solution

[Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Pale Pink Solution

[Cr(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Pale Purple Solution

Cu(OH)₂

Pale Blue PPT

Fe(OH)₂

Green PPT which darkens on standing

Fe(OH)₃

Orange Brown PPT

Mn(OH)₂

Light brown PPT which darkens on standing

Cr(OH)₃

Grey-green PPT

[Cr(OH)₆]³⁻

Dark green solution

Cr₂O₇²⁻

Orange solution

[Cu(NH₃)₄(H2O)₂]²⁺

Dark blue solution

[CuCl₄]²⁻

Yellow solution

[Cr(NH₃)₆]³⁺

Purple solution

I₂(aq)

Brown solution

CrO₄²⁻

Yellow solution

AgI

Yellow PPT does not dissolve in CONC NH₃

AgBr

Cream PPT dissolves in CONC NH₃

AgCl

White PPT dissolves in dilute NH₃

Permanganate ion

MnO₄⁻

Dichromate ion

Cr²O₇²⁻

Chromate ion

CrO₄²⁻

MnO₄⁻ and Fe²⁺ colour change

Purple to pale pink

MnO₄⁻ and Fe²⁺ products

Mn²⁺ and Fe³⁺

Cu²⁺ and I⁻ products

CuI(s) and I₂

CuI(s)

White ppt

[CoCl₄]²⁻

Blue solution

[Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Pink solution

Fe³⁺(aq) with I⁻ colour change

orange-brown to brown solution

Fe³⁺(aq) with I⁻ indicator

starch

Fe³⁺(aq) with I⁻ products

Fe²⁺(aq) and I₂(aq)

Sc3+

colourless as not a true transition metal

[Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺

green

[Zn(H₂O)₆]²⁺

colourless

Cu²⁺ (aq) (pale blue sol)+ dropwise NH₃ / NaOH

Cu(OH)₂ (blue ppt)

Cu²⁺ (aq) (pale blue sol)+ excess NH₃

deep blue solution

Fe²⁺ (aq) (pale green sol)+ dropwise NH₃ / NaOH

green ppt Fe(OH)₂

Fe³⁺ (aq) (yellow sol)+ dropwise NH₃ / NaOH

orange brown ppt Fe(OH)₃

Mn²⁺ (aq) (pale pink sol)+ dropwise NH₃ / NaOH

light brown ppt Mn(OH)₂

Cr³⁺ (aq) + dropwise NaOH then excess

purple sol --> green ppt --> dark green sol

[Cr(H2O)6]³⁺ / Cr³⁺ (aq)

purple solution

Co²⁺ (aq) + dropwise NH3 / NaOH

pink sol --> blue ppt --> brown in air

Cr³⁺ (aq) + excess NH3

[Cr(NH3)₆]³⁺ purple sol