ICT flashcards revision

What does HCI stand for?

Human computer interface

What is HCI?

How a person uses or interacts with a computer to exchange information or instructions

Give 3 examples of embedded systems

• Washing machine

• Fridge

• Car

Advantages of embedded systems

• It has greater flexibility to older devices

• Ability to set to your preferences

Disadvantage of embedded systems

It has a limited number of functions or options for the user

Give examples of banking

• Credit card

• phone

• apple pay/paypal

Advantages of banking

• It can be safer to store since people can’t steal your money

• Your money is safe since it will have a lower chance of dropping out or being stolen

Disadv

• You can get your money stolen by a fake website

• You can get hacked or scammed

• You have to be a certain age to get a bank account

Give examples of fitness

• phone

• watch

• gym bikes

• apps

Advantages of fitness

• You could set your level of what type of workouts you want to do

• You can watch tutorials of differnet workouts

• Fitness watches can track how much exercise you do

Disadvantages of fitness

• You can injure yourself if you do a dangerous workout

• You need wifi or bluetooth to connect

• You need to charge your devices like fitness watches, phones or electronic gym bikes

Give 3 examples of entertainment

• Tv

• Phone

• Laptop

Advantages of entertainment

• You can watch tv

• You can watch videos in streaming services or in social media

• You can play games online if you don’t have boardgames in real life

Disadvantages of entertainment

• You might pay subscriptions for streaming services to continue watching

• It could be expensive to buy an electronic device

• You need interent to connect

Give examples of home appliances

• Dishwasher

• Fridge

• Kettle

• Oven

Advantages of home appliances

• Washes dirty dishes for you

• Using less energy

• Makes cleaning more easier

• Fridges ensure fresh food for a long time

Disadvantages of home appliances

• Uses a lot of electricity

• Some appliances are battery powered

• Permanent fixture, so it cannot be relocated

What is an operating system?

Low level software that supports a computer’s basic functions such as scheudling tasks

What is GUI?

Short for graphical user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices by using visual elements

What is CLI?

Command line interface that’s a text based user interface used to run programs, manage computer files and interact with the computer

What is WIMP?

Short for windows, icons, mice and pull down menus that are designed to simplify computing operations for the user

What is WYSIWYG?

Short for what you see is what you get. The represention of the text on screen in a form that looks same on the printout

What is proprietary software?

Software you have to pay for such as windows and adobe photoshop

What is open source software?

Software with a source code that anyone can modify, inspect and enhance, that is for free

How is gesture used?

Body motion is used for communication

An advantage of gesture

Feels more natural, so the user is comfortable making them

Disadvantages of gesture

• Could be mistaken for a wrong gesture

• Not appropiate for all audiences

How is keyboard used?

Manually entering information on a screen

Advantages of keyboard

• Free text will be famillar with using it

• Can use shortcuts

Disadvantages of keyboard

• Time consuming to enter the information

• Find it difficult to use if limited in fingers/wrists

How is mouse used?

Small handheld device used to move the cursor on a screen

Advantages of mouse

• Can accurately select an object

• perform lots of functions really quickly

A disadvantage of mouse

Reliant on a secondary device

How is touch used?

Selecting the icons by touching areas of the screen

Advantages of touch

• Quicker than a mouse or a keyboard

• Straightforward to use and easy to clean

Disadvantages of touch

• Cost

• Accuracy can be an issue

• Sensitivity of screen

How is voice used?

Giving the device a command rather than manually entering information on the screen

Advantages of voice

• Quicker than having to manually type or select

• Hands free

Disadvantages of voice

• Background noise may interfere varitety of language and pronounciation might not be understood

• Mishear what you say

What is data?

Raw facts or figures before it has been processed. It has no meaning

What is information?

Data given meaning

• Information = data + meaning (structure + context).

Give an example of how structure is presented in data

LLNN NLL (SO30 4EJ)

• L represents a letter

• N represents a number

Give an example of how context is presented in data

15 avocados were set outside, but the slothes ate them all

What is text?

Any type of character

• For example: name

What is alphanumeric?

Any combination of letters and numbers

• For example: postcode

What is numeric?

Numbers such as intergers, currency, real numbers, percentages, fractions and decimals

• For example: salary

What is date/time?

A range of date and time formats

• For example: date of birth

What is boolean?

Limited to two options only

• For example: Do you like bananas?

What is data validation?

Checking if the data entered is sensibile

What is data verfification?

Checking if the data entered matches the original data

Give 2 verfification methods

• double entry

• manual checking

What is length check?

Checking if the data isn’t too long or too short

• Password

What is input mask?

A string of characters that indicates the format valid input values

What is range check?

Checking if the value falls within the specific range

What is presence check?

Checking if the data has been entered into a field

What is lookup?

Looking up acceptable values in a table

What is format check?

Checking that the data entered is in the right format

What is primary data collection?

Data and information collected in person for a specific purpose

• Interview, questionnaire

What is secondary data collection?

Data and information already collected from someone else

• magazine, website

What is logical storage?

Cloud storage or interent

What is physical storage?

On a physical device, inside or outside

Is primary hard drive internal or external?

Internal

What is the capacity of primary hard drive?

500 GB

Give an advantage of primary hard drive

Can store huge amounts of data

Give a disadvantage of primary hard drive

Data may be lost if broken/falls

Is SSD internal or external?

External