ID Top 300 Quiz 2

Ampicillin + sulbactam brand

Unasyn

Ampicillin + sulbactam class

penicillin antibiotic

Ampicillin + sulbactam use

Acinetobacter baumannii, bacterial infection, surgical prophylaxis

Ampicillin + sulbactam MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Ampicillin + sulbactam adverse reactions

Phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, skin rash, diarrhea

Ampicillin + sulbactam contraindications

Hepatotoxicity, monitor renal function at regular intervals, allergy to beta lactam antibiotics

Ampicillin + sulbactam BBW

None

Ampicillin + sulbactam routes of administration

IV, IM

Cefazolin brand

Ancef

Cefazolin class

1st generation cephalosporin

Cefazolin use

Bacterial infection, streptococcus, surgical prophylaxis

Cefazolin MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Cefazolin adverse reactions

C diff, hemolytic anemia, hypersensitivity reactions, skin rash, diarrhea, stomach discomfort

Cefazolin contraindications

Caution in patients with history of seizure disorder, high levels especially in renal impairment may increase risk of seizures, hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

Cefazolin BBW

None

Cefazolin routes of administration

IV

Cefepime brand

Maxipime

Cefepime class

4th generation cephalosporin

Cefepime use

Bacterial infections

Cefepime MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Cefepime adverse reactions

C diff, hypersensitivity reaction, neurotoxicity, pruritus, skin rash, hypophosphatemia, diarrhea, N/V, eosinophilia

Cefepime contraindications

Neurotoxicity, renal impairment, hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

Cefepime BBW

None

Cefepime routes of administration

IV

Cefoxitin brand

Mefoxin

Cefoxitin class

2nd generation cephalosporin

Cefoxitin use

Bacterial infections, surgical prophylaxis

Cefoxitin MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Cefoxitin adverse reactions

Diarrhea

Cefoxitin contraindications

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins Children <3 months, higher doses associated with eosinophilia and elevated AST

Cefoxitin BBW

None

Cefoxitin routes of administration

IV, IM

Ceftriaxone brand

Rocephin

Ceftriaxone class

3rd generation cephalosporin

Ceftriaxone use

Bacterial infections

Ceftriaxone MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Ceftriaxone adverse reactions

precipitation with calcium, c diff, hemolytic anemia, hypersensitivity, kernicterus, injection site reaction, diarrhea, eosinophilia, leukopenia, thrombocytosis

Ceftriaxone contraindications

Hyperbilirubinemia neonates, concurrent use of IV calcium in neonates, hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

Ceftriaxone BBW

None

Ceftriaxone routes of administration

IV, IM

Cefuroxime brand

Zinacef, Ceftin

Cefuroxime class

2nd generation cephalosporin

Cefuroxime use

Bacterial infections, surgical prophylaxis

Cefuroxime MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Cefuroxime adverse reactions

Diarrhea, local thrombophlebitis, rash, N/V, vaginitis, anemia, eosinophilia, Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

Cefuroxime contraindications

Hypersensitivity to beta-lactams

Cefuroxime BBW

None

Cefuroxime routes of administration

PO, IV

Clarithromycin brand

Biaxin

Clarithromycin class

Macrolide antibiotic

Clarithromycin use

Bacterial infections

Clarithromycin MOA

Inhibits protein synthesis

Clarithromycin adverse reactions

Headache, insomnia, rash, dysgeusia, N/V, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia

Clarithromycin contraindications

CYP3A4 drugs, history of QT prolongation or ventricular arrhythmias

Clarithromycin BBW

None

Clarithromycin routes of administration

PO

Fidaxomicin brand

Dificid

Fidaxomicin class

Macrolide antibiotic

Fidaxomicin use

C diff infection

Fidaxomicin MOA

Inhibits protein synthesis

Fidaxomicin adverse reactions

Nausea, fever, pruritus, rash, urticaria, hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, abdominal pain, constipation, dyspepsia, diarrhea, GI bleed, anemia, neutropenia

Fidaxomicin contraindications

Do not use for systemic infections

Fidaxomicin BBW

None

Fidaxomicin routes of administration

PO

Gentamicin brand

Garamycin

Gentamicin class

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

Gentamicin use

Bacterial infections, surgical prophylaxis

Gentamicin MOA

Inhibits protein synthesis

Gentamicin adverse reactions

Edema, ataxia, confusion, dizziness, headache, skin rash, weight loss, c diff, N/V, eosinophilia, injection site reaction, muscle cramps, visual disturbances, tinnitus, dyspnea, fever

Gentamicin contraindications

Hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides

Gentamicin BBW

May cause nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, do not use in pregnancy

Gentamicin routes of administration

IV, IM, ophthalmic, topical

Imipenem + cilastatin brand

Primaxin

Imipenem + cilastatin class

Carbapenem antibiotic

Imipenem + cilastatin use

Bacterial infections

Imipenem + cilastatin MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Imipenem + cilastatin adverse reactions

Anemia, eosinophilia, thrombocythemia, increased AST and ALT, phlebitis, tachycardia, seizure, rash, diarrhea, N/V, proteinuria, neutropenia, increased SCr

Imipenem + cilastatin contraindications

None

Imipenem + cilastatin BBW

None

Imipenem + cilastatin routes of administration

IV

Linezolid brand

Zyvox

Linezolid class

Oxazolidinone antibiotic

Linezolid use

Bacterial infections

Linezolid MOA

Inhibits protein synthesis

Linezolid adverse reactions

C diff, lactic acidosis, myelosuppression, neuropathy, serotonin syndrome, diarrhea, decreased WBC, N/V, anemia, dizziness, headache

Linezolid contraindications

MAOi use within past 14 days, caution with drugs that increase serum serotonin levels

Linezolid BBW

None

Linezolid routes of administration

Oral, IV

Meropenem brand

Merem

Meropenem class

Carbapenem antibiotic

Meropenem use

Bacterial infections

Meropenem MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Meropenem adverse reactions

C diff, shock, rash, constipation, diarrhea, N/V, anemia, injection site inflammation, headache, pain

Meropenem contraindications

Allergy to beta-lactam antibiotics, caution in renal impairment

Meropenem BBW

None

Meropenem routes of administration

IV

Moxifloxacin brand

Avelox

Moxifloxacin class

Fluroquinolone antibiotic

Moxifloxacin use

Bacterial infections, surgical prophylaxis

Moxifloxacin MOA

Inhibits DNA gyrase