lobes of the brain

Cerebrum

Largest part of the brain divided into four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital.

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for reasoning, motor control, and higher order thinking processes.

Parietal Lobe

Processes sensory information and is involved in proprioception.

Temporal Lobe

Involved in recognizing and processing sound, and understanding language.

Occipital Lobe

Primarily responsible for visual processing and perception of shapes and colors.

Cerebellum

Coordinates voluntary movements and maintains balance and posture.

Brain Stem

Regulates vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and consciousness.

Cerebral Cortex

Outermost layer of the cerebrum responsible for higher-order cognitive functions.

Proprioception

The body's ability to sense movement, action, and location.

Damage to the Temporal Lobe

Can result in hearing loss, language comprehension issues, or sensory problems.

Damage to the Parietal Lobe

Can lead to inability to locate or recognize parts of the body.

Damage to the Occipital Lobe

May result in visual field defects or distorted perceptions of size, color, and shape.

Damage to the Cerebellum

Can cause uncoordinated movement, loss of muscle tone, and an unsteady gait.

Damage to the Brain Stem

May result in coma, paralysis, and respiratory problems.

Higher Order Thinking Processes

Includes problem-solving, planning, and storing specific long-term memories.