CHS Trials erm modern wtf

yes

What does the Pneumonic SaiNTS stand for?

Four major treaties (other than ToV)

• Saint Germain (with Austria)

• Neuilly (with Bulgaria)

• Trianon (with Hungary)

• Sevres (with Turkey)

When was ToV signed

28 june 1919

How many pages and articles in the ToV?

240 pages, 440 articles

Which Article forbid Germany from combining Austraia

80, this was ignored by hitler when Anchluss occured

What was Gemranys army and navy reduced to by ToV?

100,000 and navy to 15,000

Which article of the ToV is the war guilt clause

Article 231

When was Mussolinis March on Rome + what was his movement called

October 1922, League of Combatants

Which Russian secret police started forced labour camps, and how many died.

The OPGU (1923) - 18 Million imprisoned, 1.7 million died.

When did Hideki Tojo become dictator

1941

When was the Kapp Putsch and who led it?

March 1920, Wolfgang Kapp - mutiny against gov.

How many political assassinations were there during the Weimar republic?

350 political assassinations

When did Hitler become leader of the NSDAP

1921

What date did the German Reparations Committee announce failure to deliver coal/timber supplies.

26th Dec 1922 —> French/belgium occupation of Ruhr.

How many marks were in circulation by 1923

663 billion marks by 1923

When was the Munich Beer Hall Putsch

how many died?

November 9th 1923 - attempt by hitler to overthrow the Bavarian Gov.

16 Nazis, 4 police

When are the ss FORMED - role

Hitler’s personal guards, Black shirts, 1925

NSDAP membership from 1928-1929

Party membership grew from 100,000 Oct 1928, to 150,000 a year later.

In 1928 how many were unemployed/seat —> jan 1933

May 1928: 650,000 unemployed, Nazi had 12 seats → Jan 1933: 6,100,000 unemployed, Nazi had 288 seats.

When does the NSDAP become the largest party.

July 1932, with 37.27% of vote

When was Hitler made chancellor.

30th Jan 1933

when was the Reichstag fire

27th February 1933

When was the enabling act passed and by how many votes

23rd March 1933

• Passed by 444 votes to 94

• gestapo also established in march 1933

Which Law effectively banned communism, allowing hitler to conduct raids.

Law for the Seizure of Communist Assests (may 1933)

which law prevented old politicans from making new parties and coming back?

Law against the establishment of aprties (July 1933)

When was the night of long knives + SA size

30 june 1934 - 2 july 1934 (SA has 3 million men)

When does hindenburg die?

August 2nd 1934

When was Japans invasion of manchuria (year)

1931-1932

what years was Italy’s invasion of Abyssinia

1935-1936.

When is reich chamber of culture established

1933

How strong was the gestapo in 1937

In 1937, has 7000 employees but there are 6 million people

When was Night of Broken Glas (Kristallnacht)

8-11 november 1938

law for encouragement of marriage rewards

1000 reichsmark loan, each kid = don’t need to pay 25%

How many Hitler youth in 1928

By 1928, about 8 million young germand in nazi youth

Successes of league:

K-ellog briand pact (23 nations outlwa war

A-ustria + hungrary aid

B-Bulgaria - prevent greece from invadingA

A-aland islands - stop sweeden and finland conflict

Mousul - Turks dont gqt it from iraq

When do Bolsheviks storm winter palace

25 October 1917

Decree on Peace and Land published

ends war - 26 Oct 1917

Date the ‘‘Supreme Council of National Economy’ was established.

VSNKh 15 December 1917

The treaty of Brest-Litovsk

March 3rd 1918

How much population Russia lost to treaty of Brest-Litovsk

34% of its population —> 32% of arable land. 54% industrial centres.

Cheka executions during the civil war number

140 000

Party membership stats from civil war

• Of all members of the Bolshevik Party in 1927,  33% joined between 1917 and 1920, with only 1 percent joining before 1917. 

When was NEP introduced, who created it

March 1921 , GOSPLAN

Deaths during civil war total

10 million people died during the civil war due to fighting, disease and famine

What organisation was created for Russia censorship and when

In 1922, the ‘Main Administration for Literacy and Publication Affairs” or GLAVLIT

stats in 1921 on party membership geographical distribution

By 1921, over 80% of the population was living in the countryside but 90% of Party members lived in towns/cities

Lenin’s Date of death

21 January 1924

Group that worked against trotsky from 1923-25

The Triumvirate (troiko) —> stalin, zinoviev and kamenev

• Also the seven which formed in 1924

When did Trostky resign as commissar of war

January 1925 — removed from Politburo in December 1925

When are Zinoviev and Kaemenev removed form Politburo

Zinoviev June 1926, Kamenev Oct 1926

When did Stalin become General Secretary

April 1922

Quote on collectivisation

• “Collectivisation was driven less by economic motives than by the mistrust of the peasanty” - Orlando Figes

Famine deaths in 1932 Russia

By 1932, suggested deaths between 4.6-8.5 million

Summary of 5YPS and dates

• 1st - 1928-33 - focus on heavy industry

• 2nd - 1933-38 - continues heavy industry but more area

• 3rd - 1938-41 - consumer goods but actually military

When were Kirov decrees implemented in Russia

(March 1935 after the December 1934 assassination of Sergei Kirov

Turning points during WW2

• Battle of Brtain 1940

• Surival of Moscow 1941

• El Alamin 1942

• Stalingrad 1943

When was Munich conference

On 28 September 1938 —> Hitler says he won’t invade whole of cZECH OR FIGHT britain (lies/appeasement)

When does hitler invades the rest of Czechoslovakia.

15 March 1939

When was Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact signed

23/24 august 1939

When is ww2 declared

3rd Sept 1939

• Gemrany invaded poland on the 1st

Statges of germany pre ww2 strategy

1935- remilitarisation

1936- rhineland

1937- anti-comitern pact w Italy and Japan

1938 - anchluss.

When was the battle of britain and the blitz

• Battle of Britain → June - October 1940

  • Aim: German attempt to defeat the RAF and establish air superiority prior to invasion of Britain 

  • Result: British victory put an end to German invasion plans

• The Blitz → September 1940 - May 1941

  • Aim: German attack switched to Britain Cities in order to damage both economy and morale

  • Result: Great damage and loss of life but morale was sustained and Britain remained undefeated. German attention turned to the USSR.

Battle of Britain alst day

Sept 15 1940

Civilian loses for britain after BoB

43000

When was the bombing of dresden, how many civillians killed

1945, 150 000 civilians dead

How many britihs kids evacuated during WW2

1.5 million in sep 1939

1939 meat rationing britain

115g bacon per person/fortnite

How many women entere the british workforced during WW2

2 million

• by 1944, 94% women involved in war effort

When did german women start working in ww2

After 1943, “The womens labour service” act meant compulsory ag service

German meat ration 1939

750 g per week.

When did germany start total war

1942

How many soviet women worked in ww2

>500,000 fought in wars

15 million workers in 1945

When did soviet union implement total war

1941

Jews in Poland example

• 3 million jews

• nov 1939 compu;sory to wear star

• by 1939 no countries accepting jews

When was final solution created

31 july 1941

treblinka stats

• Treblinka - Jul 1942-Nov 1943 → approx. 1 million deaths - approx. 60 survivors

How many deaths at auschwitz

8,000. bodies a day - 1.1-1.5 million deaths

When was D-Day

6 JUNE 1944

How many men landed first day of d-DAY

150 000

When did Hitler kill himself

30 April 1945

Apartheid war which made nationwide pass law

Abolition of Passes & Coordination of Documents Act (1952)

When did the National Party gain control - SA

1948

Apartheid Law that first restricted African ownership of land

1913 Native Lands Act

Which Apartheid law meand blacks stay in their townships unless working for whites in cities

1923 Urban Areas act

Apartheid law that banned interracial marriages

1949 Prohibiton of Mixed Marriages Act

Apartheid act that divided SA towns and cities based on racial lines, enforcing segregation

1951 Group areas act

Apartheid law that forces education to be taught half in Afrikaans

1953 Bantu education act

act that legalised segregation in public

1953 Seperate Amenties Act

When was ANC established

intiially SANNC in 1912, ANC in 1945

When did ANC release freedom charter

1955

When was PAC formed

1959

sharpville massacre

march 1960

When was the MK formed

1961

Rivonia trial

october 1963

Soweto uprising

1976