unit 9 chemical bonds honors chem

nice

electronegativity of 0-0.4

nonpolar covalent

electronegativity of 0.5 to 1.9

polar covalent

electronegativity of 2-4

ionic

what is an ionic bond?

compound with chemical bonds that are from electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.

properties of ionic bonds

high boiling and melting points, stronger attraction, doesnt readily vaporize at room temp and is a good conductor

what is a covalent bond

sharing of electrons between 2 atoms

properties of covalent bonds

low boiling and melting, weaker attraction, easily vaporizable at room temp, poor conductors

what is npc and value of ionic character

covalent bond when electrons are shared equally on both sides, 0% ionic character.

what is a PC bond, and ionic value

covalent bond in which the atoms have a unique attraction for the shared electrons, 5% to 50%

what is polarity

uneven distribution of charge

how to determine polarity 2 ways

symmetry of molecule or lone pairs of electrons on central atom

proportionality with bond length, bond energy and bond amount

bond length does down, then bond energy goes UP and so does # of bonds.
energy and # of bonds are directly proportional

octet rule is what

chemical compounds form by making each atom gain or lose or share electrons, they have an octet of electrons in its highest energy level.

what is expanded valence

exception to octet, when central atom has no more than 8 electrons around it, bonding electrons in the d orbitals and the s and p orbitals.

3 types of intermolecular forces

Dipole Dipole, Hydrogen bond and London Dispersion Forces.

Dipole Dipole is what

forces of attraction between polar molecules, (positive attracted to neg)

Hydrogen bonding is what

When a hydrogen bonds on a very electronegative atom. Polar compounds containing hydrogen

What is london dispercement forces

attraction from the motion of electrons, when they move there is slight energy.

this is in everyting

bent

AB2E, 120 deg, Polar,

trigonal pyramidal

AB3E, 109.5 deg, polar

trigonal bipyramidal

AB5, 120 and 90, Nonpolar

linear

AB or AB2, 180, P if its AB and NP for AB2

tetrahedral

AB4, 109.5, Nonpolar,

octahedral

AB6, 90 Nonpolar

trigonal planar

AB3, 120, NP