Understanding Brain Plasticity and Nervous System Functions

Brain Plasticity

The human brain is uniquely designed to be flexible; it can reorganize after damage and it can build new pathways based on experience.

Axon

The neuron fiber that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles and glands.

Synaptic Gap

The tiny space between the axon and one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another.

Stimulus Intensity

The intensity of the stimulus determines whether or not an impulse is generated.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers released by a sending neuron when an action potential reaches an axon terminal.

Endorphins

Released in the brain in response to pain and vigorous exercise.

Autonomic Nervous System

Controls internal functions, such as heart rate and glandular activity.

Autonomic

Self-regulating.

Autonomic Nervous System

The sympathetic nervous system arouses us for action and the parasympathetic nervous system calms us down.

Central Nervous System

The neurons of the spinal cord are part of this system.

Pituitary Gland

The most influential endocrine gland, known as the master gland.

Adrenal Glands

Secrete(s) epinephrine and norepinephrine, helping to arouse the body during times of stress.