Chemistry ch4

How is a solid different from a liquid ?

The solids particles are rigid, they don't flow

Phase change from solid to liquid

melting

phase change from liquid to solid

freezing

phase change from solid to gas

sublimation

phase change from gas to solid

deposition/desublimation

how are the properties of solids like liquids'?

they reflect the attraction and arrangement of their particles

what is the melting/freezing point for ionic solids?

HIGH

ionic solids

opposite charges (positive+negative) {alex+layla}

what is the attraction strength for ionic solids?

STRONG

what is the attraction strength for molecular solids?

WEAK

Melting point for molecular solids

LOW

what elements are involved with ionic solids?

metals+nonmetals

what elements are involved with molecular solids?

nonmetals+nonmetals

most solids form a 3D pattern called what?

a crystal lattice

Unit cell

the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric shape of the crystal

amorphous solids(glass, rubber)

lacking form

Allotropes(carbon, phosphorus)

two or more molecular forms in the same element and physical state

Which compound has the higher melting point
silver chloride (AgCl) or water (H20)?

silver chloride, because it is an ionic solid the melting point is higher.

which compound has the higher melting point
silicone dioxide (SiO2) or Iron chloride (FeCl)?

Iron chloride, because it is a ionic solid so the melting point is higher

what phases are in equilibrium at a substances melting point?

solid and liquid

List the states of matter correctly in order of increasing average kinetic energy

Solid, liquid, gas.

mol(e)

a set of number of particles in a substance

what is the gas law that has no constants, but combines all three variables?

combined gas law

what gas law has gas constant, and number of moles?

ideal gas law

what gas law has volume constant, and is proportional?

gay-lussacs

what gas law has temperature constant, and is inversely proportional?

boyle's law

what is the gas law that has pressure constant and is proportional ?

Charles' law

What are the two major assumptions that are needed for a gas to be ideal? There what can be assumes about all gases?

1. particles take up no volume

2. particles don't interact no gases are ideal

how is a liquid different than a gas?

liquid particles are connected together, and are not easily compressible

A liquid is characterized by

the attractions that hold it together

volatility

describes how easily a substance will vaporize

What is room/normal pressure?

1 atm

barometer

measure the atmosphere pressure

manometer

measures differences between pressure

why is pressure lower at higher altitudes?

Gravity prevents less air particles to go to higher altitudes, so there is lower pressure

what is pressure?

force per area

what is temperature?

amount of kinetic energy of a particle

what is volume?

amounts of space something takes up