History Exam 3

In a 1796 public lecture, Georges Cuvier discussed the fossilized bones of an elephant-like creature and went on

to develop the idea of "lost" or extinct species

The Seneca Falls convention approved resolutions that asserted all of the following except

the equality of men and women

"In 1902 no fewer than 170,000 people went to prison, 52,000 of these being females. The commissioners noted with satisfaction that very few skilled women were to be found in our prisons. More than nine-tenths, in fact, of those incarcerated consisted of the laboring poor... Of the 105 crimes listed to which the undermass was prone, the commonest were simple larceny, assault, drunkenness, begging and sleeping out, neglecting to maintain family, prostitution and misbehavior of paupers." In this passage, Robert Roberts emphasized that in Britain most of the people who were convicted and sent to prison in 1902 were

members of the laboring poor

The 1751 engraving depicted a wide range of social problems that the artist William Hogarth associated with:

Drinking and Alcohol abuse

After 1848, the year of revolutions, Karl Marx spent most of the next twenty years...

living underground as a revolutionary in Paris

Which of the following in 1848 publicly supported Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her resolution on votes for women?

Frederick Douglass

"Being well prepared to appreciate the struggles for existence which everywhere goes on from long continued observation of the habits of the animals and planets, it at once struck me that under these circumstances unfavorable ones to be destroyed. The result of this would be the formation of new species."

"Natural selection is daily and hourly scrutinizing, throughout the world, every variation, ever the slightest, rejecting that which is bad, preserving and adding up that is good. We see nothing of these slow changes in progress, until the hand of time has marked the long lapse of ages."

Which of the following statements about plant and animal populations, according to these from Darwin's writings, is false?

Each plant and animal species has a fixed, permanent form.

Which of the following installed in the 1880s an internal combustion engine on a three-wheeled cart and thus created the first automobile? The first automobile is depicted

Karl Benz

The 1843 cartoon depicts: New Harmony - All Own' - No Payin'

Interior of pub or tavern

"In all very numerous assemblies, of whatever character composed, passion never fails to wrest the scepter from reason. Had every Athenian citizen been a Socrates, every Athenian assembly would still have been a mob." (The Federalist) According to the author of this essay (probable Alexander Hamilton), which of the following statements is true?

In democracies, passion tends to dominate.

Which of the following argued that the economy was the "real foundation" of society and determined political and legal systems and intellectual life?

Karl Marx

By 1800 the United States and almost all of the nation-states of Europe were democracies that had extended the vote to all adult men and women.

False

In 1900 the automobile was an inexpensive and widely used form of transportation in towns and cities all across Britain and Europe

False

Which of the following was the first to use the pneumatic tire?

The Bicycle

In the mid-seventeenth century, the Irish Protestant scholar and church leader James Usher published an influential work in which the

estimated that the world was created on 22 October 4004 BC

One example of natural selection at work during the lifetime of Charles Darwin was

the change in the color of the Peppered Moth

Robert Owen and his followers believed in

Cooperation and Community

In the late nineteenth century, Manchester supplied its citizens with clean drinking water

by creating reservoirs and building aqueducts

In the late 1820s, the Metropolitan Police Act

created a professional police force for London

Which of the following was not a feature of the mass production system at Henry Ford's Highland Park auto plant?

Simplicity of Assembling Component Parts

Which of the following transformed U.S. politics during Reconstruction (1865 -1877)

the extenstion of the vote to all adult men

The "Heroic" new wonder drug that the Bayer Company began to market in the early 1900s was

Heroin

Before 1914, in the US and in France, the very first generation of car buyers typically included all of the following, except:

Engineers

Between 1800 and 1850, many of the cities in Britain and Europe saw

an increase in theft and other property crimes

In 1907 J. Frank Hanly, the governor of Indiana, signed a law that authorized the sterilization of "confirmed criminals, idiots, imbeciles, and rapists" whose condition had been diagnosed as "unimproveable" by a panel of physicians and experts. This was an example of putting into practice the ideas of

Social Darwinism and the eugenics movement

Which of the following was the main source of energy for homes and industries in the towns and cities of nineteenth-century Britain and Europe?

Coal

The advertisement below was for a very popular product in late-nineteenth century Britain and America, this over-the-counter medication contained: Mrs Winslows Soothing Syrup

Morphine

The Derby Day incident in 1913 was an attempt

to publicize the demands of the woman's suffrage movement

"It is difficult to reconcile an effective system of police with the perfect freedom of action and exemption from interference, which are the real privileges and blessings of society in this country, and your Committee think that the forfeiture or curtailment of such advantages wold be too great a sacrifice for improvement in police, or facilities in detection of crime, however desirable in themselves if abstractly considered." In this passage from an 1822 report, members of parliamentary committee expressed their view that the creation of a professional police force for London would be

a potential threat to personal liberty

With the onset of this disease, the victim loses a great deal of water (as high as 30% of body weight) very quickly through uncontrollable vomiting and diarrhea. This disease is

Cholera

Which of the following profoundly shaped Charles Darwin's views about the formation of new species?

his voyage on the Beagle

During their decades of research on the Galapagos finches, Peter and Rosemary Grant discovered that natural selection can happen very quickly, in a matter of only a few years.

True

In the 1880s, Gottlieb Daimler developed an internal combustion engine that used as fuel

Gasoline

By 1850s slightly over 50% of the population lived in towns and cities in

England

Eugene Debs was

the leader of the American Socialist Party in the early 1900s

In 1848 the Public Health Act launched the modern public health movement. This piece of legislation gave boards of health in towns and cities in Britain wide-ranging powers

To create water supply and sewage systems

By 1900 many of the major cities in the US and Europe had become healthier places to live, they were no longer "demographic black holes." Which of the following reforms played a crucial role in bringing about this important change?

creating water supply and sewer systems

Starting in 1787, with the departure of the first fleet, Great Britain began

to transport convicted criminals to Australia

"The way to make automobiles is to make one automobile just like another automobile, to make them all alike, to make them come through the factory alike- just like one pin is like another pine when it comes from the factory." This statement was made by

Henry Ford

Through a series of experiments, Louis Pasteur provided scientific proof for

the germ theory of disease

In the nineteenth century, the separate spheres ideology emphasized that the proper role for women was

to focus exclusively on the home and the family

Between 1900 and 1940, a popular form of mass transportation in Indiana was the Interurban; this was a statewide system of

electric streetcars and electric trains

Which of the following was before 1880 the primary cause behind the dramatic growth in the population of towns and cities in Britain and Europe?

migration from the countryside into towns and cities

Before 1910 the production of automobiles typically was done by small work teams of highly skilled craftsmen.

True

In 1914 members of the public in Great Britain typically associated the Women's Social and Political Union with all of the following tactics, except:

Tea Parties and Petitions

In the nineteenth century, doctors and scientists attributed women's moral superiority to

their lack of sexual feelings

Between 1870 and 1914, companies in the same industry, like the steel industry, tried to form cartels.

to fix prices and control competition

Which of the following statements about Karl Marx's views on history's correct

Class Struggle is the driving force behind historical change

In the early 1890's, the Red Flag Act attempted

to limit the speed of automobiles

As a Cambridge University undergraduate, Charles Darwin devoted most of his time and energy to

Collecting Beetles