Sports Psychology

Worth/value, ability, identity

Confidence in self esteem, self efficacy and self concept address which terms

Contemplation

Someone who says “I am going to stop smoking” and are researching ways to top smoking and looking for support from other people are in what stage of the transtheoretical model of change

Negative Reinforcement

A baseball team had their speed work cancelled for doing well at practice. What type of reinforcement does this define

Worth or value

Having high self-esteem means the person has a high ______

Distress; Anxiety

When an athlete has a low skill level and is given a difficult task that is way beyond the athletes skill level. What will most likely occur

State

Being nervous before taking a test is what type of anxiety

What does the drive theory not take into account

poor performance as a result of excessive or insufficient arousal, likely untrue for ALL skills/movements, variation in personality

True

Motivation can be a type of arousal

Decreasing focus on task irrelevant cues

Selective attention focuses on what

Eustress

Within the athletes capabilities

Distress

Beyond the athletes capabilities

Confidence in ability

What is self efficacy

4 components of concentration

Focusing on the relative cues in the environment, Maintaining your attentional focus, having awareness of a situation, shifting attentional focus when necessary.

State Anxiety

Subjective is nervousness, worry, and fear (cognitive)… Objective is arousal (somatic)

Trait anxiety

Internal (intrinsic) predisposition for perceiving situations as threatening

Drive theory

As arousal increases, so does performance

Inverted U Theory

same relationship as drive theory, but only to a certain extent

Positive reinforcement

Add pleasant stimulus to encourage behavior

Negative reinforcement

Remove aversive stimulus to encourage behavior

Positive Punishment

Add aversive stimulus to discourage behavior

Negative punishment

Remove pleasant stimulus to discourage behavior

Cognitive Stage

Effortful, have to think hard

Associative Stage

Requires focus, but not as much

Automaticity stage

relaxed mind, little to no thought

O - openness

Intelligent, imaginative, curious, flexible

C - Conscientiousness

All good things

E - Extraversion

Talkative

A -

Agreeableness

N - Neuroticism

Negative health

Contemplation

Aware of need of change

Preparation

Making small change

Action

Dropped bad behavior and picked up a good behavior

maintnence

More than 6 months of change