Glass, Paint and Soil

Paint Pigment Composition

Inorganic colored minerals

paint layers on cars

Rustproofing, Primer, top coat, Clearcoat

Rustproofing

a method of protecting the ferrous materials like steel, iron from rusting or corrosion.

paint primer

layer of paint designed to provide a base for adhesion of the top coat

Top coat (paint)

Colored layer of paint on an automobile

Clear coat (paint)

Top layer of automobile paint used to protect top coat from weathering. Creates a "glossy" look.

Chromotography

a process which separates the parts of a solution with special paper and a solvent. Used to identify different pigments in paint.

infrared microspectrophotometry

Identifies the chemical composition of paints and binders

paint binder

The ingredient in a paint that holds the pigment particles together.

Physical Class evidence (paint)

Automobile paint is classified as this type of evidence.

Paint Layer Sequence

Different layers of paint present on a paint chip. Identified through microscopic examination.

Physical class evidence (soil)

Soil samples are typically considered this type of evidence.

Paint Data Query (PDQ)

A global automotive paint database, based on original manufacturer finishes; is used by 102 labs in 24 countries.

soil

A mixture of mineral particles and organic material that covers the land, and in which terrestrial plants grow.

cadaver dogs

dogs trained to scent a dead body

Cadaver Decomposition Island (CDI)

Formed by the concentrated decomposition products emitted from the body

Evidence of recent gravesite

Raised soil, Cadaver Decomposition Island

sand

the coarsest soil, with particles 0.05,2.0 mm in diameter.

silt

fine soil found on river bottoms

clay

the finest soil, made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.

Loam

A mixture of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and organic matter

Soil layers (top to bottom)

O: Humus (provides nutrients and water for topsoil, roots grow easier)

A: Topsoil (better plant growth)

E: Elevated horizon

(sand and silt)

B: Subsoil (dissolved material sinks lower)

C: Parent material

R: Bedrock

Tempered glass

safety glass, used in side and rear windows on U.S. cars

glass ingredient

silicon dioxide

Becke Line

bright halo of light surrounding a specimen that is immersed in a liquid.