Phase contrast microscopy (light)
Fluorescence microscopy
transmission electron microscope (TEM)
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Brightfield/Light/Compound Microscope
Type: Optical microscope
Pros: Inexpensive, can view living organisms
Cons: Low resolution, medium magnification, samples must be stained
Fluorescence Microscope
Type: Optical microscope
Pros: Separate parts of a cell can be individually labeled
Cons: Fluorescence is temporary
Phase Contrast Microscope
Type: Optical microscope
Pros: Can view living organisms, does not require staining, high contrast and resolution
Cons: Not good for thick samples, distorted "halo" around images
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope
Type: Optical microscope
Pros: controlled depth of field - good for thick samples, reduction of background noise
Cons: Medium magnification
Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
Type: Electron microscope
Pros: Very high magnification, can view organelles and intercellular details
Cons: Preparation of samples requires fixation, expensive
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Type: Electron microscope
Pros: 3D picture of samples, high magnification
Cons: Samples must be dried and covered in metal - difficult preparation, expensive
Brightfield Microscopy
Phase Contrast Microscopy
Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy
Confocal Microscopy
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Scanning Electron Microscopy