Joshua Hall A&P Ch. 5 pt 1 = epithelial tissue

histology

The study of tissues.

tissue

A group of cells and their products working together for a particular function.

triploblastic

Vertebrates are ____________ meaning that they come from three basic types of tissues

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

The three different cell types of an embryo that give rise to all tissues.

epithelial tissue

Tissue that covers things. Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities and ducts, form glands, and secrete products like hormones.

tight junctions, desmosomes, gap junctions

Epithelial tissue cells are tightly packed with very little extracellular space. All epithelial tissue cells have specialized cell to cell contacts. What are the three types of contacts/junctions?

tight junction

Specialized cell to cell contact in epithelial tissues that stops things from passing through. Think of proteins that sew the cells together.

desmosome

Specialized cell to cell contact in epithelial tissues that acts like a button and holds the cells together.

gap junction

Specialized cell to cell contact in epithelial tissues that holds the cells together but also allows some materials to flow from cell to cell.

apical, basal

All epithelial tissues have a top/_____ __surface and bottom/_______ surface. = All epithelial tissues exhibit polarity.

avascular

Term that means no blood supply.

endoderm

Tissue that gives rise to digestive and respiratory tracts.

mesoderm

Tissue that gives rise to dermal bone, muscle, vertebrae, blood, and notochord.

ectoderm

Tissue that gives rise to nervous system, epidermis, and neural crest cells.

basement membrane

The point of attachment for basal tissue and connective tissue?

basal, reticular

The basement membrane is connected to the connective tissue by what two lamina?

\
The lamina are non cellular!

epithelium

What produces the basal lamina?

connective tissue

What produces the reticular lamina?

nutrients

Epithelial tissues get their _________ from blood vessels in the connective tissue that is beneath them.

simple

What arrangement of cells would you find in an area with not much wear and tear that also needs to perform lots of diffusion?

ex: lungs

stratified

What arrangement of cells would you find in an area with high wear and tear?

ex: tongue

secretion/absorption

Simple cell arrangements are useful for?

ex: lungs, digestive tract

secretion/propulsion

Pseudostratified cell arrangements are useful for?

ex: trachea (coughs something up)

protection

Stratified cell arrangements are useful for?

ex: skin, tongue

desiccation

The removal of moisture from something.

keratinized

When cells have died and hardened. This is good for preventing desiccation.

secretion

Stratified cuboidal cell arrangements are used for?

Cuboidal cells in general are usually used for this.

ex: ducts of large glands. sweat/saliva

urothelium (transitional)

Epithelial tissue with the main purpose of stretching.

ex: uterus, bladder, urethra

epithelial tissue

Where do most of our glands come from?

gland

A cell, tissue, or organ that makes or secretes a product.

endocrine

___________ glands produce hormones and secrete them into the bloodstream via exocytosis.

exocrine

________ glands secrete products onto body surfaces or into body cavities.

cuboidal

Glands are usually made of _________ or columnar cells.

ductless

Endocrine glands secrete directly into the blood and are therefore ____________.

ducts

Exocrine glands have _______ that they secrete their products into. The products then move from their to the surface.

ex: sweat, mammary, saliva, sebaceous

unicellular

Mucous glands and goblet cells are __________. They consist of only one cell and produce mucin that dissolves in water to create mucus. They secrete their products by exocytosis.

holocrine

Type of gland that disperses its product when the whole membrane ruptures.

ex: sebaceous/pimple

apocrine

Type of gland that disperses its product with budding vesicles.

ex: mammary gland milk lipids

merocrine

Type of product that secretes its product by exocytosis as the product is produced.

ex: non fat mammary gland products