STS MODULE 4-6

 Leonardo da Vinci

both science and art belong to a single culture seeking universal understanding, as recognized by

Jen Stark

 contemporary artist whose majority of work -  paper sculpture, drawing and animation. → draws inspiration from microscopic patterns in nature, wormholes, and sliced anatomy. She is also interested in mathematics, topography, and forms from nature

Luke Jerram

 glass models of microbes and viruses to giant Aeolian harps, research deals with perception across all of our senses (including the fact that he is color blind)

Susan Aldworth

working side by side with neuroscientists, creates work dealing with those exact topics; her most recent works include prints made directly from human brain tissue.

James Turrell

brief career as a fighter pilot, he became an artist. He decided to buy a dormant volcano, with the goal of turning it into a haven of light, space, and color. His vision for this volcano–the Roden Crater–has been his focus for the past 40 years. 

Janet Saad Cook

“lies at the intersection of light and space and time.” Working with astronomers, engineers, and architects, her work is created with metals and specially coated glass. The reflected images and light create “Sun Drawings” that move and change in response to sunlight and the passage of time.

Fabian Oefner

photography to combine art and science. His work often demonstrates the beauty of scientific phenomena. Using fire, iridescence, sound waves, and centripetal forces,

George Seurat

pointillism, science of color, specifically Divisionism (or chromoluminarism). He extensively studied the science of color–in particular how to achieve maximum luminosity–and required the viewer to mix colors optically rather than mixing pigments on the canvas.

David Hockney

 painter and printmaker. He played a major part in the Pop Art movement and continued working for decades after (including significant forays into digital art), visual and realistic advances by artists since the Renaissance came from a reliance on optical instruments.  Specifically–and controversially–they proposed that many of the Old Masters relied not on technique and skill, but instead used tools such as the camera obscura and curved mirrors.

Rachel Sussman

 photographing the oldest living things in the world.

Maria Sybylla Merian

woman who made science beautiful

Andy Goldsworthy

creates visually striking, ephemeral sculptures that use only elements from nature.

Jan Van Eyck

_____’s use of oil-based pigments in the 15th century marked a significant development in painting.

photography

The introduction of _____ in the late 19th century revolutionized the way artists perceive and depict the world.

Andy Warhol

utilized screen-printing, a technology from the graphic arts, in his famous works.

3D printing

has become increasingly prevalent in art since the early 2000s, allowing artists to create detailed and manipulable models.

Interactive art and installation art

 have been around since the 1950s but have become more immersive with digital developments.

Online art

exists primarily on the web and challenges traditional art market conventions.

Augmented reality

 is used in museums to engage viewers and by artists for creative expression.

Virtual reality

 seen as a powerful artistic medium, with artists like Jon Rafman using multi-sensory headsets to create immersive art experiences. can transport viewers to entirely new simulated environments, blurring the lines between the physical and the digital.

Sugar

is a carbohydrate with two main groups of molecule

Simple (sucrose) and complex

 Two main groups of molecules

Glucose and fructose

When eaten, digestive system breaks down into 2 other molecules:

coronary artery disease or obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease

too much fructose can lead to

visceral fat

what makes you apple-shaped

metabolic syndrome

______ may cause high blood pressure, diabetes, visceral fat, stroke, heart disease, blurred vision

panacea

medieval Islamic scholars called sugar the ________ for all ailements

quaker abolitionists

they denounced sugar

honey

primary sweetener ancient history

New Guinea

where sugar cane was discovered

Arthashastra manuscript

evidence 4th century BC - sugar being processed into semi-solid sweeteners

Alexander the Great

he was responsible for the spread of sugar to hellenistic empire exchanged in small amounts as medicine in persia and egypt

labor force (slavery)

 Crucial to success of making sugar was _______, work done by peasants and prisoners in middle ages

Christopher Columbus

encountered carribean islands - brought sugar cane, part of columbian exchange

Portugal

country with the largest sugar industry at the time

Atlantic Triangular Trade

English, Dutch, and French Colonies in Caribbean Islands exchange slaves, raw material crops, finished goods across americas , europe, and africa

Barbados Island

phenomenal sugar industry bc of volcanic soil and maritime access - slave labor was necessary to success of sugar industry

Industrial Revolution

in the 1800s sugar was fuel for the ____

   haitian revolution and  trade embargo during the napoleon wars

it ended sugar trade between france and west india

mechanization

the _____ of sugar production brought the candy business into prominence

Johannes Gutenberg

invented technique of printing with movable type

woodcut

 earliest printing techniques, served primarily for dissemination of pictures and texts

Latin Bible

Gutenberg’s greatest project

Aldus Manutius

printed works of classical authors, developed typface of antiqua

The Industrial Revolution

was a period of significant economic and social change characterized by the transition from an agriculture-based world economy relying on manual labor to one centered around industry and manufacturing through the use of machines. It is often compared to the shift from hunter-gathering to farming.

Second Industrial Revolution

this era saw an increase in automation, mass production of steel, utilized petroleum and electricity as power sources, created the internal combustion engine, invented automobiles, chemicals, railroads, telegraph, telephone, radio, and improved the living conditions of the working class

Third Industrial Revolution

this era is driven by "technologies of the digital engine of the Internet, renewable energy and 3D printing"

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)

One of the first triggers of the Third Industrial Revolution

Jevons' Principle (Jevons Paradox)

suggests that increased resource efficiency can lead to higher overall resource consumption.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution

• represents a distinct phase from the previous ones.

• It is characterized by velocity, scope, and systems impact.

• The speed of change is unprecedented, evolving exponentially.

• The revolution is disrupting nearly every industry globally and transforming production, management, and governance systems

• Emerging technology breakthroughs in AI, robotics, IoT, autonomous vehicles, 3-D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, materials science, energy storage, and quantum computing.

Stars

 symbols for ideals and values cultures hold on to

etnoastronomiya

pag-aaral ng kabihasnan (culture/civilization) sa astronomiya

Balatik and Moroporo

two well known constellations used as markers for farming / pagkakaingin

Balatik

 well known on the archipelago as a trap / constellation, connected to hunting is its name, but connected to farming is its use, Parang pana na binibuo ng kahoy na ibinaon sa lupa sa nayong ekis bilang busog, modern-day Orion

Moroporo

2nd most well known in the archipelago - modern name : Pleaides, its name is associated wth hunting and pagkakaingin

3

Balatik - made up of many bright stars - _____ starts parallel to each other w/ even distance - Tres Marias / Orion’s belt

6-8

Pleiades made up of _____ stars

Tres Marias

Espanyol for Balatik

mamahi

the word for stars for the Samas of Tawi-taiw

Balut

 incubated duck eggs, covered inside bags during incubation process (17-18 days)

Laguna de Bay

Originated from Chinese settlers near

Pateros

capital of balut industry, developed localized way of incubating eggs and processing them into prods (salted egg and balut)

Central Luzon

• topmost duck -egg production region in PH

• Bulacan 28.4% and Pampanga 25.7%

Western Visayas

• another top duck egg-production region

• has 1.36 million backyard ducks

Rufino Capco

founded R&M Balut Industry in Pateros

Nanding De Jesus

famous balut maker in Sta Maria, Bulacan

The Jashacarl Balut and General Merchandise

large-scale commercial balut producer that started in 1993 [37]. This particular balut maker is a bit different from others as it is a combination of duck raiser, balutan, trader, and retailer, all in one. Its duck farm has about 30,000 ducks at a time and produces about an average of 20,000 balut eggs per day. It was also able to expand its industry in other places like Cavite, Las Piñas, and Quezon City

Cecilia Salarda

famous balut-maker in Negros Occidental

Calixto and Maricris Huit

founded Marc’s Balut Processing Facility in Zamboanga Sibugay and spread to Basilan, Dipolog, and Cagayan de Oro

Al Mansur

built Baghdad

Al Rashid

gave positions of power for Christians and Jews

Al- Ma’mun

created the house of wisdom / center of learning

House of Wisdom

it taught math, astronomy, physics, med, geography / cartography, poetry, philosophy

Al-kawarzami

father of algebra

Abu al Walfa’ al-Buzjani

came up with sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant

Alhazen

had a sophiscated view on light, using and understanding of sci method

Omar Khayyam

 pascal’s triangle and binomial theorem, poetry