7. Representation and Organization of Knowledge

Flashcards based on lecture notes for exam preparation.

Declarative Knowledge

Knowing that; can be expressed in words and symbols.

Procedural Knowledge

Knowing how; procedural steps for performing actions.

Concept

Symbolic knowledge and a means of understanding the world, often in a single word.

Category

A group of similar objects or concepts.

Natural Categories

Naturally occurring groupings in the world (e.g., birds, trees).

Artifact Categories

Human-designed groupings for particular purposes or functions (e.g., automobiles, kitchen appliances).

Feature-Based Categories

Categories where each feature is an essential element; absence of one feature excludes it from the category.

Defining Features

Necessary attributes that define a category.

Prototype Theory

Theory that uses prototypes which are abstract averages representing a category.

Prototypes

An abstract average of all the objects previously encountered.

Exemplars

Typical representatives of a category.

Schemas

Mental frameworks for organizing knowledge, creating meaningful structures of related concepts.

Scripts

Information about the particular order in which things occur.

Production System

A set of rules ('if-then' rules) for a particular task or skill.

Connectionist Model

A parallel distributed processing model where knowledge is contained in the connections among various nodes.