lab three histology

Pituitary Gland

An endocrine gland composed of anterior (epithelial tissue) and posterior (neural tissue) parts.

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)

A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that stimulates adrenal glands to release cortisol.

TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)

A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the thyroid gland.

GH (Growth Hormone)

A hormone that stimulates protein synthesis and growth in muscles and bones.

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

A hormone responsible for the development of follicles in ovaries and sperm in testes, affecting sexual development and fertility.

LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

A hormone that helps control the menstrual cycle and triggers ovulation.

PRL (Prolactin)

A hormone responsible for lactation and breast development.

Oxytocin

A hormone produced by the posterior pituitary involved in childbirth and lactation.

Vasopressin (ADH)

A hormone produced by the posterior pituitary that regulates water balance in the body.

Thyroid Hormones

Collectively T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothyronine) which regulate metabolism and energy levels.

Calcitonin

A hormone produced by parafollicular cells in the thyroid that helps regulate calcium levels in the blood.

Islet Cells (Pancreas)

Clusters of cells in the pancreas that regulate blood glucose levels; they include alpha, beta, delta, and PP cells.

Glucagon

A hormone produced by alpha cells that raises blood sugar levels.

Insulin

A hormone produced by beta cells that lowers blood sugar levels.

Somatostatin

A hormone produced by delta cells that inhibits the release of insulin and glucagon.

Testosterone

A hormone produced by interstitial cells in the testes that initiates and maintains sperm production.

Granulosa Cells

Cells in the ovaries that produce estrogen and support the development of oocytes.

Estrogen

A female sex hormone produced by granulosa cells that thickens the uterine lining and prepares for pregnancy.

Endometrium

The inner lining of the uterus which is shed during menstruation.

Myometrium

The smooth muscle layer of the uterus responsible for contractions.