ASVAB - Life Sciences

0-6

Acidic

7

Neutral

8-14

Basic (Alkaline)

Newton’s 1st Law

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force.

Newton’s 2nd Law

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass, often summarized by the equation F = ma.

Newton’s 3rd Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Work

W = Fd

P = W/t

Power

Frequency

F = 1/T, where T is wavelength. Frequency is defined as the number of cycles of a periodic wave that occur in one second, measured in hertz (Hz).

Electromagnetic spectrum

Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray. Measures radiation.

Gas

A state of matter consisting of particles that are far apart and move freely, filling any container they occupy. Gases have no fixed shape or volume.

A state of matter characterized by a definite volume but no definite shape, taking the shape of its container.

Liquid

A state of matter with a definite shape and volume, where particles are closely packed together and vibrate in place.

Solid

Reactant

A substance that undergoes a chemical change in a reaction, combining with other reactants to form products.

Products

Substances that are produced from a chemical reaction, resulting from the transformation of reactants.

Sublimation; Deposition

Solid → Gas; Gas → Solid

Melting; Freezing

Solid → Liquid; Liquid → Solid

Evaporation; Condensation

Liquid → Gas; Gas → Liquid

Element

A pure substance made of only one type of atom, like hydrogen (H) or oxygen (O)

Compound

A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.

Atom

The smallest unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. Atoms combine to form molecules and are the building blocks of matter.

Molecule

Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.