EgAn Quiz

ecological footprint

impact on the environment expressed as the amount of land required to sustain its use of natural resources. Sustainable cities are also livable.

Mixed use development (MUD

is one way to limit sprawl and design livable urban spaces. Single planned development designed to include multiple uses, such as residential, retail, educational, recreational, industrial, and office spaces.

walkability

refers to how safe, convenient, and efficient it is to walk in an urban environment.

Transportation

oriented Development- the creation of dense, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered around or located near a transit station.

Smart growth policies

are to create sustainable communities by placing development in convenient locations and designing it to be more efficient and environmentally responsible.

Mixed Use zoning

- permits multiple land uses in the same space or structure

Traditional zoning

creates separate zones based on landuse type or economic function, such as various categories of residential (low-, medium-, or high-density), commercial, or industrial.

New Urbanism

is a school of thought closely associated with smart growth. It arose in reaction to the sprawling, automobile-centered cities of the mid-20th century and focuses on limiting urban expansion while preserving nature and usable farmland.

Slow growth cities

- cities where planners have used smart growth policies to decrease the rate at which cities grow outward

Urban growth boundary

borders a city's edges and defines where new development can take place. Separate urban land uses from rural land uses by limiting how far a city can expand

Greenbelt

a ring of parkland, agricultural land, or other type of open space maintained around an urban area to limit sprawl

De facto segregation

segregation that results from residential settlement patterns rather than from prejudicial laws, ex) lower-income people of color cannot afford desirable new smart-growth developments, which then become populated by wealthy white residents

Redlining

when a lending institution such as a bank refuses to offer home loans on the basis of a neighborhood's race or ethnic makeup

Blockbusting

real estate agents would scare property owners into selling their houses for below market prices by telling them that African American families were moving into the neighborhood

Zones of abandonment

areas that have been largely deserted due to a lack of jobs, declining in land values and falling demand

Filtering

the process of neighborhood change in which housing vacated by more affluent groups passes down the income scale to lower-income groups

Inclusionary zoning laws

create affordable housing by offering incentives for developers to set aside a minimum percentage of new housing construction to be allocated for low-income renters or buyers

Land tenure

legal rights associated with owning land

Eminent domain

a government's right to take privately owned property for public use or interest

Environmental injustice

describes how communities of color and the poor are more likely to be exposed to environmental burdens such as air pollution or contaminated water

Urban renewal

a term associated with the nationwide movement that developed in the United States in the 50s and 60s when cities were given massive federal grants to tear down and clear out crumbling neighborhoods and former industrial zones as a way to rebuild their downtowns

Regional planning

planning conducted at a regional scale that seeks to coordinate the development of housing, transportation, urban infrastructure, and economic activities

Brownfields

abandoned and polluted industrial sites in central cities and suburbs