AP EURO Unit 3.2 the English Civil War and the Glorious revolution

Glorious Revolution (1688)

Bloodless overthrow of King James II. established William and Mary as the new leaders.

English Civil War

Conflict from 1640 to 1660; featured religious disputes mixed with constitutional issues concerning the powers of the monarchy; ended with restoration of the monarchy in 1660 following execution of previous king

Absolute Monarchy

A system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power

James 1

king of scotland before he ruled england in 1603, struggled with parliament over money and religious reforms

Charles I of England

1600-1649; King of England 1625-1649; numerous conflicts with Parliament; fought wars with France, Spain, and Scotland; eventually provoked Civil War, convicted of treason, and beheaded

Parliamentarians (Roundheads)

the people who supported the English Parliament during the English Civil War

Royalists/Cavaliers

the people who supported the King during the English Civil War

Oliver Cromwell

English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

Restoration

the period of Charles II's rule over England, after the collapse of Oliver Cromwell's government

William of Orange

(1672-1702) Dutch prince and foe of Louis XIV who became king of England in 1689.

Mary II

(1689-1694) This daughter of James II came to the throne and ruled jointly with her husband and 1st cousin, William of Orange, when James II was deposed in the Glorious Revolution.

Long Parliament

(1640-1648) desperate for money after Scottish invasion of northern England-Charles finally agreed to demands by Parliament: Parliament could not be dissolved w/o its own consent; had to meet a min. of once every 3 years; ship money abolished; leaders of persecution of Puritans to be tried and executed; Star Chamber abolished; common law courts supreme to king's courts; refused funds to raise army to defeat Irish revolt-Puritans came to represent majority in Parliament

Rump Parliament

The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.

Bill of Rights (1689)

Drawn up by Parliament and presented to King William II and Queen Mary, it listed certain rights of the British people. It also limited the king's powers in taxing and prohibitted the maintenance of a standing army in peacetime.

Parliamentary Sovereignty

The doctrine that grants the legislature the power to make or overturn any law and permits no veto or judicial review.

Constitutional Monarchy

A King or Queen is the official head of state but power is limited by a constitution.