chapter 1 - exam #1

nucleus function

holds genetic material

plasma membrane function

acts as a barrier to the cells external environment and protects that internal organelles from injury

ribosome function

make proteins

lysosome function

contain genetic enzymes (lysosome, protease, and lipase) that break down ingested foreign substances and cellular debris

mitochondria function

cells energy producers; convert organic nutrients into cell energy in the form of ATP

smooth endoplasmic reticulum function

location for lipid production, which includes oils, phospholipids, etc.

rough endoplasmic reticulum function

tubular network with attached ribosomes that make proteins

glycoproteins function

surface makers that identify cells as a part of the individuals own tissue; think of them as the “guards”

DNA role

store and transmit genetic information

RNA role

helps to read and carry out DNA’s instructions to make proteins

difference between DNA and RNA

RNA is single stranded and can travel to sites outside of the nucleus while DNA is double stranded and remains in the nucleus, serving as the blueprint for genetic information.

organelle with their own DNA and are derived maternally

mitochondria