PBS- 1.1 Review for Biomed

5.0(1)
studied byStudied by 5 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Get a hint
Hint

decendent

Get a hint
Hint

a person who has died

Get a hint
Hint

Search Methods

Get a hint
Hint

grid, line, zone, spiral

Card Sorting

1/57

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

58 Terms

1
New cards

decendent

a person who has died

2
New cards

Search Methods

grid, line, zone, spiral

3
New cards

evidence

the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.

4
New cards

polygraph test

Test that measures respiration, blood pressure, and perspiration while person is asked a series of questions; outcome is a diagnostic opinion about honesty.

5
New cards

heart rate

A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as the number of beats per minute.

6
New cards

pulse

Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries.

7
New cards

respiratory rate

number of breaths per minute

8
New cards

trace evidence

small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at a crime scene

9
New cards

hair cortex

Middle, thickest portion of a hair shaft

10
New cards

hair cuticle

Outermost layer of hair; consisting of a single, overlapping layer of transparent, scale-like cells that look like shingles on a roof.

11
New cards

hair medulla

innermost portion of a hair shaft

12
New cards

ridge pattern

recognizable pattern of ridges in a fingerprint

13
New cards

Fingerprint Minutiae

characteristics of ridge patterns

14
New cards

Forensic Science

The application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law.

15
New cards

another name for red blood cells

erythrocytes

16
New cards

Another name for white blood cells

leukocytes

17
New cards

another name for platelets

thrombocytes

18
New cards

function of red blood cells

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

19
New cards

Function of white blood cells

fight infections

20
New cards

function of platelets

blood clotting

21
New cards

Function of plasma

mostly made of water, transports materials in blood, allows for diffusion into/out of blood

22
New cards

Hemoglobin

iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery to cells

23
New cards

positive control

Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results.

24
New cards

negative control

Control group where conditions produce a negative outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present that were not accounted for when the procedure was created.

25
New cards

presumptive test

test that presumes the presence of the questioned substance; also called a screening test.

26
New cards

confirmatory test

a test that specifically identifies one substance

27
New cards

Blood antigens

Proteins found on the erythrocyte cell surface. (A, B, and Rh) are used to differentiate blood groups.

28
New cards

Antibodies

Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body

29
New cards

Hypothesis

a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

30
New cards

independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated by the scientist

31
New cards

dependent variable

what is measured or observed in an experiment

32
New cards

Cell

The basic unit of structure and function in living things

33
New cards

Nucleus

An organelle that contains genetic material

34
New cards

Histones

protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin

35
New cards

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.

36
New cards

Genetics

The scientific study of heredity

37
New cards

Gene

A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific (protein) trait

38
New cards

Genome

All the genetic information in an organism; all of an organism's chromosomes.

39
New cards

Chromosomes

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

40
New cards

base pairs

Any of the pairs formed between complimentary bases in the two nucleotide chains of DNA, such as A-T and C-G (DNA)

41
New cards

Eukaryotic cells

Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes.

42
New cards

prokaryotic cell

A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.

43
New cards

Organelle

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

44
New cards

Nucleotide

monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

45
New cards

DNA profile

a visual representation of a person's unique DNA sequence

46
New cards

restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases)

Enzymes that recognize specific double-stranded DNA sequences and cuts it

47
New cards

PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene

48
New cards

Recognition site (restriction site)

specific sequence where a restriction enzyme will cut (palindrome)

49
New cards

restriction digest

A technique in which restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sequences.

50
New cards

gel electrophoresis

Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel

51
New cards

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)

Differences in DNA sequence that can result in different patterns on an agarose gel

52
New cards

DNA ladder (marker)

set of known DNA fragments with different sizes in base pairs or kilo bases. these DNA fragments are separated and visualized as DNA bands on a gel. used to determine the size and quantity of DNA fragments

53
New cards

DNA Bands

lines on the agarose gel once stained

54
New cards

well

hole in a agarose gel where DNA is inserted

55
New cards

agarose gel

a jelly-like slab used to separate molecules on the basis of molecular weight

56
New cards

micropipettor

instrument used to accurately withdraw and dispense very small amounts of reagents in the microliter range, which is necessary for DNA

57
New cards

Accuracy

A description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured.

58
New cards

Precision

a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another