Cardio Anatomy

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardial layer?

left ventricle

Which ventricle pushes blood to the aorta?

left ventricle

Which ventricle pushes blood to the pulmonary artery?

right ventricle

What structure of the heart collects blood and pushes it into the right ventricle?

right atrium

Which side of the heart deals with oxygen poor blood?

right

What is the primary function of the heart?

maintain adequate blood flow

Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the vena cavas or coronary sinus?

right atrium

Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and sends it to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk?

right ventricle

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins?

left atrium

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from left atrium via the left atrioventricular orifice and sends it to the body via aorta?

left ventricle

What vessels supply the heart tissue/muscle with blood?

coronary arteries

In which coronary artery is a blockage most damaging?

left anterior descending artery (LAD)

Coronary arteries branch off of the _________.

aorta

AV valves are the valves between…

atriums and ventricles

What controls the opening/closing of valves in the heart?

pressure gradients!!!!!!!!!!! NOT MUSCLE contractions

Which valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle?

tricuspid valve

Which valve is between the left atrium and left ventricle?

bicuspid/ mitral valve

Which valve is between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery?

pulmonary valve

Which valve is between the left ventricle and aorta?

aortic valve

If 90 ml of blood was pushed out of the left right of the heart, how many would be pushed out of the right side?

90 ml (left and right side occur at the same time)

What layer of the heart is made up of cardiac myocytes and the thickest layer of the heart in general?

myocardium

What is the innermost layer of the heart wall?

endocardium

What is the outermost layer of the heart wall?

epicardium

What is the function of the fluid in sack of the pericardium?

allows for smooth contraction, like oil in a car

What type of junctions are found at intercalated disks?

gap

What are the function of gap junctions in cardiac muscle?

allow for rapid depolarization

Depolarization of cardiac muscle causes what type of calcium channels to be activated?

L-type Ca²+

Once contraction is over, how do we get calcium out of the cell?

1. pump back into SR

2. Ca ATPase

3. Na/Ca exchanger

A 45-year old male develops a stenosis in his tricuspid valve which decreases blood flow through the valve. Where will blood accumulate in his patient?

right atrium

What defects are holes in muscle between atrias or ventricles?

septal defects

During fetal development, if the hole between your pulmonary artery and aorta doesn’t close what condition do you have?

patent ductus arteriosus