Waves carry energy, without the transfer of matter.
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What are mechanical waves?
Mechanical waves travel through a physical medium such as air, water, or a rope
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What are wave pulse?
A single bump that travels is through a medium
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What are Transverse waves?
Waves that disturbs in medium perpendicular to the direction of the wave
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What are periodic waves?
A disturbance/bump at a constant rate
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What is a Longitudinal wave?
The disturbance is parallel to the direction of the waves travel
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What is a surface wave?
The medium particle can follow parallel or perpendicular depending on the direction of wave travel.
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What is amplitude?
Measured from the crest or from the trough to the line of rest
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You need more energy when?
More the energy is needed for a greater amplitude
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What are examples of wave?
Water
Sound
Light
Heat
Radioactivity
Tide
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Properties of Waves
Frequency
Wavelength
Crest/Trough
Attenuation
Amplitude
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What are three mechanical waves?
Transverse Waves
Longitudinal Waves
Torsional Waves
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What is Gravitational waves?
Very large mass produce waves that travel at c = speed of light
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Waves Interference
Occurs when two or more waves act simultaneously on the same particles of a medium resulting in a new displacement.
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What is the principle of superposition?
That the resultant displacement of a given particle is equal to the sum of displacements that would have been produced by each wave independently
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What is a constructive interference?
Occurs when the resultant displacement is greater than the displacement that would be caused by either wave
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destructive interference
occurs when the resultant displacement is smaller than the displacement caused by one wave
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Standing wave
Can be defined as the resultant of two wave trains of the same wavelength, frequency and amplitude travelling in opposite directions through the same medium
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node/ or nodal point
the point that remains at rest when positive and negative pulses of equal amplitude and length travel in opposite directions and interfere
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Loop / anitnodes
Occur midway between the nodes, and are areas where double crest and double troughs occur
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If frequency increases, the wavelength will
decrease
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in standing waves if the frequency is larger
the closer the nodal points are
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A wave that vibrates at right angles (perpendicular) to the equilibrium position is said to be a?
transverse wave
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Frequency is measured in?
hertz
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wavelength is measured in?
meters
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periods are measured in
seconds
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wave transfer _______ in the form of a _____ through a medium
Energy , Disturbance
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A periodic wave has
a constant frequency
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When a string is vibrated at its fundamental frequency, ______ loop(s) will be formed.
1 loop will be formed
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As a wave moves from a faster medium to a slower medium
the frequency remains constant
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Crest is related to trough as compression is related to
rarefraction
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the reflected pulse from a fixed end reflection
would be on the opposite side of the rest line as the incident pulse
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the transmitted wave created by a wave moving from a heavier string to a lighter string
would increase in speed
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the reflected wave created by a wave moving from a lighter spring to a heavier spring
would be similar to a fixed end reflection
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destructive interference creates a wave with a smaller
amplitude
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the electromagnetic spectrum does not include
sound waves b/c it has a medium and electromagnetic waves don't have a medium
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standing waves produce
-nodes -interference -loops
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if the frequency of violet light is greater than the frequency of red light, then the?
wavelength of red light is greater than the violet light
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What is the period of a pendulum that takes 1 second to make a complete back and forth vibration?
1 second
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Distinguish between the following parts of a transverse wave: Amplitude, crest, trough, wavelength
the picture Amplitude - max displacement Crest - point of the greatest positive displacement Trough - point of the greatest negative displacement
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Distinguish between the period and the frequency of a vibration or wave. how do they relate to one another
period - time to complete one cycle frequency - how many cycles occur in the given time
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Does the medium in which a wave travels move along with the wave itself? Defend your answer
No. The disturbance moves not the medium itself
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How does the speed of a wave relate to its wavelength and frequency?
Speed = wavelength x frequency
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As the frequency of sound is increased, does the wavelength increase or decrease. Give example
Decrease; my voice creates a high pitch voice when I am louder
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distinguish between constructive and destructive interference
Constructive - causes and additive effect destructive - cancelling effect
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What causes a standing wave?
Interference of inverted waves with the same frequency, wavelength, speed, and amplitude
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A nurse counts 76 heartbeats in 1.0 minute; What are the period and frequency of the heart beats?
T = 0.79s F = 1.3 Hz
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What is electromagnetic waves?
electromagnetic spectrum deep space waves, radio waves, IR light visible waves, x-ray micro-waves
Studied by 28 people
