World Civilization Final - Mr Rolph

by Harper Dolan

Neolithic Revolution

The neolithic revolution was the 10,000 YA shift from food gathering to food producing.

5 characteristics of civilization

Specialized workers, Advanced cities, Complex institutions, Record keeping, Improved technology

Barter Economy

Form of trade in which people exchange goods and services without the use of money.

Scribe

An ancient record keeper.

Cuneiform

A system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians around 3000 B.C.

Quipu

A record keeping device that was used by a system of tying knots.

Hieroglyphics

An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds.

Oracle Bones

A way of telling the future in China. They would write on the bones, throw them into the fire, and the way the bones cracked would depict the way the future turned out.

Homo-Sapiens

The biological species to which modern human beings belong.

Paleolithic Age

A prehistoric period that lasted from about 2,500,000 to 8000 B.C. during which people made use of crude stone tools and weapons - also called the old stone age.

Neolithic Age

A prehistoric period that began about 8000 B.C and in some areas ended as early as 3000 B.C during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and raise animals.

Nomad

A person that wanders from place to place in search of food.

Hunter-Gatherer

A member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods.

Domestication of Animals

The taming of animals for human use.

Papyrus

A thick paper material used as a writing surface in ancient times.

MesoAmerica

A cultural and historical region that spans southern Mexico and parts of Central America.

Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone was created in Egypt and it was used to write different languages. The French Soldiers rediscovered it and took it from Egypt and took it to the British museum. The languages on the stone included Greek, hieroglyphics, demotic, and Egyptian.

Benin Bronzes

The Benin Bronzes are located in the British Museum but they were originally from Nigeria. The British military stole them and brought them to the British museum. The Benin Bronzes are made up of Engraved tusks, sculptures, and/or wood carvings.

British Museum

A public museum that is mostly known for hosting controversial artifacts, such as the Benin Bronzes and the Rosetta Stone.

Pharaoh

A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader.

Monarchy

A government having a single ruler.

Dynasty

A series of rulers of a country who all belong in the same family.

Patriarchal

Relating to a social system in which the father is the head of the family.

Monotheism

A religion that worships one God.

Polytheism

A religion that worships multiple gods.

Animism

The belief that spirits are present in animals, plants, and other natural objects.

Theocracy

A government that gets its power from a religion.

1619

The beginning of American Slavery.

Segregation

1865-1954.

Stono Rebellion

Major slave revolt in South Carolina at the Stono River.

Nat Turner's Rebellion

Slave revolt in Virginia, one of the most violent revolts.

Abolition

The act of abolishing a system or practice.

Middle Passage/Transatlantic Slave Trade

the stage of the Atlantic slave trade in which millions of Africans sold for enslavement were forcibly transported to the Americas as part of the triangular slave trade

Emancipation Proclamation

Declared that all persons held as slaves in Confederate states were free.

HBCU

(Historically Black Colleges or Universities) institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the primary mission of serving the Black American community.

Freedmen's Bureau

a federal agency established in 1865 to assist formerly enslaved people and poor whites in the South following the Civil War.

13th

1865, Abolishes slavery

14th

1868, if you were born here in America, you are an American citizen

15th Amendment

to enable African American males to vote. Or just citizenship and the right to vote.

Black Codes

In 1954 after the civil war. restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War.

Sharecropping

Working land in exchange for crops.

KKK

(Klu Klux Klan) hate group that promotes racism and segregation (terrorist civilization)

Juneteenth

a holiday celebrating the ending of slavery in the United States.

Jim Crow

A cartoon character that "resembled" blacks.

Plessy v. Ferguson

landmark SCotUS decision (separate but equal)

Brown v. Board

ended racial segregation in schools

Harlem Renaissance

explosion of Black Culture, beginning in the 1920s

Lynching

the public killing of an individual who has not received any due process

Apologist

Someone who defends something that is widely controversial.

Feudalism

Feudalism is the economic and political system based on the exchange of land for loyalty and protection.

Mandate of Heaven

The right to rule given by the gods.

Dynastic Cycle

the cyclical rise and fall of dynasties based on the approval of the gods.

Empire

A surrounding region brought under power by one central government.

Stele (ID)

A sculpture that was inscribed with the law code of Hammurabi

Legalism

a Chinese political philosophy based on the idea that a highly efficient and powerful government is the key to social order

Daoism

a philosophy based on the ideas of the Chinese thinker Laozi, who taught that people should be guided by a universal force called the Dao

Confucianism

Confucianism is the philosophy based on the concept of filial piety, which emphasizes the proper love, honor, and respect for your elders and for those who are higher in you in society.

Ideology

a system of ideas and ideals

"eye for an eye"

Hammurabi's code was the origin of this saying. If a son struck his father, then the son's hand would be cut off.

Code of Hammurabi

code of 282 laws inscribed on a stone pillar placed in the public hall for all to see.

Social Hierarchy

a system of ranking groups within a society based on their social statuses or authority

Yin Yang (ID)

Command Economy

Controlled by the state, government determines what you are able to buy and sell

Philosophy

the study of wisdom or the big questions of life

Plato

on gov't.

Suffrage

The right to vote. Given to women in 1920.

Seneca Falls Convention

The first woman's rights convention in the United States in 1848.

19th Amendment

Guarantees women the right to vote.

Jane Addams

The founder of the Hull House in Chicago.

Hull House/Settlement House

Social and cultural centers that supported impoverished communities in urban areas.

Susan B. Anthony

American Women's Rights Activist.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

American writer and Women's Rights Activist.

The Second Great Awakening

Religious movement among Protestant churches such as Baptists and Methodists.

Title IX

Federal civil rights law enacted in 1972 that prohibited sex-based discrimination.

Sandra Day O'Connor

First woman to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court.

NOW

National Organization for Women.

Republican Mothers

The women that were in charge of raising the first generation of children in the new country.

Temperance

Abstaining from alcohol.

God, Gold, Glory

Motivated Europeans to travel in the Age of Exploration and is what made travel possible.

Astrolabe

An instrument made to make astronomical measurements, made it possible for navigators to track their position.

Compass

Europe DOES NOT know about the compass, invented in China, made by magnetizing a large rock with ore in it, originally called the lodestone.

Lateen Sail

The sail used in sailing.

Cartography

The science or practice of drawing maps.

Bartolomeu Dias

The first European navigator to round the southern tip of Africa.

Vasco DeGama

Portuguese explorer and nobleman who was the first European to reach India by sea.

Christopher Columbus

Italian explorer and navigator who completed four Spanish-based voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas.

Columbian Exchange

the exchange of food, animals, and disease between the Old World and the New World

Smallpox

A disease that decimated the population, which affected the New World

Age of Exploration

15th, 16th centuries

Mongols

Indigenous nomadic central Asian people, renowned horsemen, known for brutality

Pax Mongolica

Mongol Peace, period of time in which they were able to trade and live under one form of government

Hammurabi

the sixth Amorite king of the Old Babylonian Empire, wrote Hammurabi's Code

Confucius

Chinese philosopher who founded Confucianism

Laozi

semi-legendary Chinese philosopher and author of the Tao Te Ching

Galileo

a pivotal figure in the history of science, considered the 'father of modern science'

Socrates

a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy

Aristotle

Ancient Greek polymath and philosopher whose writings covered a wide range of subjects, including philosophy, linguistics, politics, and the arts

Siddhartha Gautama

Buddha

Martin Luther King Jr.

an American Baptist minister, civil rights activist and political philosopher who was one of the most prominent leaders of the civil rights movement

Nat Turner

Leader of the Nat Turner Rebellion