Studied by 34 people
biotic
living; being or relating to living organisms
abiotic
physical / nonliving; not associated or derived from living organisms
DNA
genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents
organization
internal systems in an organism that keep order and make up its whole
growth
having different developmental stages
stimulus response
an organism’s reaction to an external/environmental signal (light, temperature, smell)
reproduce
pass on an organism’s genetic information to its offspring
energy
organisms need to consume things to survive
adapt
change/act accordingly in response to one’s surroundings
cells
basic unit of all forms of life
homeostasis
relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
virus
particle that can replicate only by infecting living cells (made of protein, nucleic acids, and sometimes lipids)
atom
the basic unit of matter
element
pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
molecule
smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound
compound
substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
proton
positively charged particle; located in the nucleus
electron
negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus
neutron
particle with no charge; located in the nucleus
subscript
tells you the number of atoms in the preceding element
coefficient
the whole number in front of the compound that tells you how many of the compound there are
chemical formula
an expression that shows the elements in a chemical compound or molecule
monomer
small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
polymer
molecule composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules
carbohydrate
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; types of nutrients that are the major source of energy to the body
lipid
macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
nucleotide
subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
nucleic acid
macromolecule containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous
protein
macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
amino acid
compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
reactant
elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction
product
elements of compounds produced by chemical reactions
activation energy
energy input that is needed for a reaction to begin
catalyst
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
enzyme
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
substrate
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
active site
the cavity on an enzyme where the substrate enters in
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