uses Na citrate diluent with whole blood, read at 60 minutes
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Automated ESR method
on the Alcor, detects rouleaux via flow cell and photometry
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Manual reticulocyte count
finds the bone marrow RBC production index, most effective measure of erythropoiesis, counted out of 1000 RBCs
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Decreased Retic associated diseases
Aplastic anemia, exposure to radiation, chronic infection, medications, megaloblastic anemia
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Increased Retic associated diseases
rapid blood loss, high elevation, hemolytic anemia, medications, pregnancy
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Miller eye disc
helps to not count 1000 RBCs, provides standardized area
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How to perform a manual retic
*Mix equal parts stain and whole blood for the manual retic, count all reticulocytes in the large and small square, count small squares until you get to 112 RBCs*
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Manual retic formula
Retic % = Retics in large square / (RBCs in small square \* 9) \* 100 %
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What stain is used for the reticulocyte counts?
New Methylene Blue
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Microhematocrit: sources of error
not filling the capillary tube, reading the buffy coat, not following the rule of three
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ESR: sources of error
not keeping the tube free from vibration, not keeping the tube level, not pushing the blood to the zero mark, not replacing the cap
Retic % = Retics in large square / (RBCs in small square \* 9) \* 100 %
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Conditions associated with increased ESR and retic counts
* Pregnancy * Hemolytic anemia
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Conditions associated with decreased ESR and retic counts
Aplastic anemia / sickle cell anemia
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Soucres of error on the hemocytometer
Not evenly distributing the object across the hemocytometer.
\ Overcrowding the hemocytometer.
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Cytospin
concentrates the cells into a smaller area of the slide
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Principle of the LAP test
**Helps differentiate CML from a leukemoid reaction**
\ Naphthol AS-BI is hydrolyzed by the enzyme at an alkaline pH. The hydrolyzed substrate with a red-violet LB or fast blue BB dye produces a colored precipitate at the site of enzyme activity
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Decreased LAP =
Untreated CML
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During a __**Leukemoid reaction**__ LAP changes from…