Catullus 34 Vocabulary and Rhetorical Devices

Agricola, agricolae

farmer

Amnis, amnis

river

Annus, annī

year

Antiquus, antiqua, antiquum

old, ancient

Antique

in the old way, in an old fashioned manner

Bonus, bona, bonum

good

Canō, canere, cecinī, cantum

to sing

Cursus, cursūs

running, course

Dea, deae

goddess

Dēpōnō, dēpōnere, dēposuī, dēpositum

put, lay down, give up

Diāna, Diānae

Diana

Dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum

to say

Doleō, dolēre, doluī, dolitum

to suffer or feel pain

Domina, dominae

mistress

Expleō, explēre, explēvī, expletus

to fill up, satisfy, complete, fulfill

Fidēs, fidēī

faith, trust, loyalty

Gens, gentis

generations, offspring

Integer, integra, integrum

fresh, uninjured, whole

Iter, itineris

journey

Iuppiter, Iovis

Jupiter

Latonia, Latoniae

daughter of the goddess Latonia (Leto)

Lumen, luminis

light

Luna, lunae

moon

Magnus, magna, magnum

large, great, important

Mater, matris

mother

Maximus, maxima, maximum

greatest

Mensis, mensis

month

Menstruus, menstrua, menstruum

monthly

Mētior, mētirī, mēnsus sum

to measure or estimate

Mons, montis

mountain

Nomen, nominis

name

Nothus, notha, nothum

illegitimate, cross-bred, mixed

Oliva, olivae

olive, olive tree

Ops, opis

power, might, help

Placeō, placēre, placuī, placitum

please, satisfy, give pleasure to (with dative)

Potens, potentis

powerful

Prōgeniēs, prōgēniēī

offspring, descendants

Prope

near

Puella, puellae

girl

Puer, puerī

boy

Puerpera, puerperae

woman in labor

Quam, adv.

how, than

Quicumque, quaecumque, quodcumque

whoever, whatever

Recondō, recondere, recondidī, reconditus

to put back

Rusticus, rustica, rusticum

rural, rustic

Saltus, saltūs

leap, spring, stage

Silva, silvae

forest

Soleō, solēre, soluī, solitum

to be accustomed

Sonō, sonāre, sonuī, sonitum

sound, resound

Sospitō, sospitāre, sospitāvī, sospitātum

preserve, defend

Sum, esse, fuī, —

to be

Tectum, tecti

roof, house

Ut, adv./conj.

in order to

Vireō, virēre, viruī, —

to be green

Alliteration

repetition of the same letter at beginning of words or syllables

Anaphora

the repetition of a word or phrase for emphasis

Anastrophe

inversion of usual word order; preposition after the word it

Aposiopesis

breaking off in the middle of a sentence

Apostrophe

addressing a person who is not present

Asyndeton

omission of conjunctions

Chiasmus

"a-b-b-a" arrangement of words

Ellipsis

omission of words

Hendiadys

use of two nouns together to express a noun modified by an

Hyperbole

exaggeration.

Hysteron proteron

placing first what the reader might expect to come last

Litotes

use of a negative to express a strong positive

Metaphor

expression of meaning through an image

Metonymy

substitution of one word for another that it suggests

Onomatopoeia

use of words that sound like their meaning

Oxymoron

use of an apparent contradiction

Personification

attribution of human characteristics to something not

Pleonasm

use of superfluous words

Polysyndeton

use of many conjunctions

Prolepsis (anticipation)

use of a word sooner than it would logically appear

Simile

comparison using a word like sicut, similis, or velut.

Synecdoche

use of part to express a whole

Tmesis

the separation of a compound word into two parts

Tricolon crescens

combination of three elements,

Zeugma

use of one word in two different senses simultaneously

Synchisis

ABAB pattern