Chemistry - Ionic and Covalent Bonds

Valence Electron

The electrons found in the outermost shell/valence shell

Electron Shells

Orbit around the nucleus, all elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells

Compounds

When atoms combine either by sharing or transfering

Ion

an atom that has gained or lost electrons, unbalanced charges

Positive Ion

An atom that has lost electrons

Negative Ion

Atom that has gained electrons

Non Metals

tend to gain electrons

Metals

tend to lose electrons

Ionic Bond

Non metal transferring electron to metal, high melting point, good conductor of electricity,

Oppositely Charged Ions

Held together by electrostatic attraction

Crystal Lattice

A structure formed by ionic compounds made up of repeating ions

Covalent Bond

When electrons are shared between atoms, causing molecular compounds, nonmetal and nonmetal

Cation

Positive

Anion

Negative

Octet Rule

The outside shell must be full (8)