bone classifications and histology

sesamoid bone

bone encased in a tendon

long bone example

all limb bones (besides patella, carpals, tarsals)

short bone example

carpals, tarsals, sesamoids

flat bone example

scapulae, ribs, cranial bones

irregular bones

vertebra, os coxa

hematopoesis

he production of blood cells and platelets, which occurs in the bone marrow

what minerals are stored in the bone?

calcium and phosphate

periosteum

dense irregular CT, lots of nerve fibers

yellow marrow

adults- fat storage

kids- starts are R blood marrow

function: energy storage

red marrow

makes red blood cells

osteiod

ground substance: proteoglycans, glycoproteins, collagen, comes from obsteoblasts

inorganic components

2/3 of total matrix

calcium phosphate salts, provide stiffness and durability, balance between organic and inorganic

osteocyte

maintains the bone matrix

osteoblast

responsible for making the bone mattrix

osteoclast

reabsorbs the bone matrix

osteogenic cell

bone cell found in membrane that produces new cells

compact bone

dense layered bone found on the outside of all bone

osteon (Haversion system)

structural unit of compact bone- cylinder shape

central canal

blood vessels and nerves, lined with endosteum membrane

lamellae

collagen and calcium phosphate

osteocytes

in lacuna between lamellae, connected via canaliculi, pass nutrients and waste

spongey bone

carefully aligned trabeculae to support the bone in the exact line of stress

no central blood vessels, nurtrients pass through canaliculi

diaphysis

shaft of bone, collar of compact bone, medullary cavity with yellow marrow

epiphyses

shell of compact bone (interior- spongy bone)

epiphyseal line

growth plate, hyaline cartilage while growing

periosteum

outer lining of bone, functions of strength, entry for blood vessesls and nerves

outer: connective tisue

innter: where osteoblasts, clasts, genic cells are house

endosteum

connective tissue inside of bone; blasts and clasts

articular cartilage

cap on end of bone for joint

hematopoietic tissue

bone cell formation tissue

found in spongy bone of flat and irregular bones, medullary cavity of epiphyses of long bones, and medullary cavity of of diaphysis in long bones (babies)

how does bone get its flexibilty

collagen