Micro chapter 11 vocab

Proteobacteria

Group of Gram-negative bacteria that includes a number of important human pathogens such as members of family Enterobacteriaceae, members of genus Rickettsia, members of genus Helicobacter, members of genus Vibrio, etc.

Rickettsia

Cell wall-less, obligately intracellular pathogenic (alpha)proteobacterium; cause of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (specific epithet = rickettsii) and epidemic typhus (specific epithet = prowazekii).

Rhizobia

(alpha and beta)Proteobacteria that are nitrogen fixers, soil bacteria, and legume symbionts (common name).

Burkholderia

(beta)Proteobacteria that are important pathogens in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients and cause of glanders in horses; they are obligately aerobic rods.

Bordetella

(beta)Proteobacteria cause of whooping cough and kennel cough; mostly obligately aerobic, small, coccobacilli (notable specific epithet = pertussis)

Neisseria

(beta)Proteobacteria cocci, cause of gonorrhea (specific epithet = gonorrhoeae as well as meningitis (specific epithet = meningitidis).

Pseudomonas

(gamma)Proteobacteria that are opportunistic pathogens such as of burn wounds and are plant pathogens; they are diverse in their utilization of carbon sources, somewhat antibiotic insensitive, and mostly obligately aerobic rods.

Moraxella

Clinically relevant (gamma)proteobacteria associated with upper respiratory tract infections and ear infections (notable specific epithet = catarrhalis as well as lacunata).

Acinetobacter

Soil-dwelling (gamma)proteobacteria that can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals; they are obligately anaerobic rods (notable specific epithet = baumannii).

Legionella

Normally amoeba-associated (gamma)proteobacteria that can cause fatal respiratory tract infections (pneumonia) following inhalation of aerosolized bacteria.

Vibrio

Saltwater-associated (gamma)proteobacteria; cause of cholera (specific epithet = cholerae).

Enterics

Various (gamma)proteobacteria that are glucose-fermenting, Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rods; including members of genus Escherichia, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, etc.

Escherichia

Mostly commensalistic enteric (family Enterobacteriaceae) but some strains cause of various diarrheal/dysentery diseases as well as urinary tract infections; also opportunistic pathogen and producer of vitamin K

Salmonella

Pathogenic enterics (family Enterobacteriaceae) distinguished into numerous serovars (specific epithet = enterica) and associated with many animals; responsible for typhoid fever as well as more common as well as less pathogenic foodborne illnesses.

Shigella

Enteric cause of bacillary dysentery.

Klebsiella

Enteric (family Enterobacteriaceae) cause of an atypical pneumonia (notable specific epithet = pneumoniae).

Serratia

Red-pigmented enteric (family Enterobacteriaceae) responsible for certain nosocomial urinary tract and respiratory tract infections (specific epithet = marcescens).

Proteus

Swarming enteric (family Enterobacteriaceae), natural resident of gastrointestinal tract but responsible for certain urinary tract and wound infections.

yersinia

Enteric (family Enterobacteriaceae) responsible for plague (Black Death) and transmitted by fleas (specific epithet = pestis).

Enterobacter

Enteric (family Enterobacteriaceae) responsible for urinary tract as well as nosocomial infections (specific epithet = aerogenes).