csi104

The \________ model is the basis for today's computers.

von Neumann

In a computer, the \________ subsystem stores data and programs.

memory

In a computer, the \________ subsystem performs calculations and
logical operations.

ALU

1-4 In a computer, the \________ subsystem accepts data and programs and
sends processing results to output devices.

input/output

1-5 In a computer, the \________ subsystem serves as a manager of the
other subsystems.

control unit

1-6 According to the von Neumann model, \________ are stored in memory.

data and programs

1-7 A step-by-step solution to a problem is called \________

an algorithm

1-8 FORTRAN and COBOL are examples of \________ .

computer languages

1-9 A 17th-century computing machine that could perform addition and
subtraction was the \________

Pascaline

1-10 \________ is a set of instructions in a computer language that tells the
computer what to do with data.

A program

1-11 \________ is the design and writing of a program in structured form.

Software engineering

1-12 The first electronic special-purpose computer was called \________

ABC

1-13 One of the first computers based on the von Neumann model was called \________ .

EDVAC

1-14 The first computing machine to use the idea of storage and
programming was called \________ .

the Jacquard loom

1-15 \________ separated the programming task from computer operation tasks.

High-level programming languages

2-1 The base of the decimal number system is \________

10

2-2 The base of the binary number system is \________ .

2

2-3 The base of the octal number system is \________ .

8

2-4 The base of the hexadecimal number system is \________ .

16

2-5 When converting a decimal integer to base b, we repeatedly \________

. divide by

2-6 When converting a decimal fraction to base b, we repeatedly \________

multiply by

3-2 In a set of 64 symbols, each symbol requires a bit pattern length of
\________ bits.

6

3-3 How many symbols can be represented by a bit pattern with ten bits?

1024

3-4 If the ASCII code for E is 1000101, then the ASCII code for e is
\________ . Answer the question without consulting the ASCII table.

1100101

3-5 A 32-bit code called \________ represents symbols in all languages.

Unicode

3-6 An image can be represented in a computer using the \________ method.

either bitmap or vector graphic

3-7 In the \________ graphic method of representing an image in a computer,
each pixel is assigned a bit patterns.

bitmap

3-8 In the \________ graphic method of representing an image in a computer,
the image is decomposed into a combination of geometrical figures.

vector

3-9 In the \________ graphic method of representing an image in a computer,
re-scaling of the image creates a ragged or grainy image.

bitmap

3-10 When we want to store music in a computer, the audio signal must be
\________ .

sampled, quantized, and coded

3-11 A floating-point value after normalization is (1.0101) ? 2?4. What is the
value of exponent section in the Excess-127 representation?

123

3-12 Assume a new Excess system uses 17 bits to represent the exponent
section. What is the bias value in this system?

65535

3-13 Which number representation method is often used to store the
exponential value of a fractional part?

Excess

3-14 In an Excess conversion, we \________ the number to be converted.

add the bias number to

3-15 When a fractional part is normalized, the computer stores the \________

the sign, exponent, and mantissa

3-17 The combination of sign and mantissa of a real number in IEEE
standard floating point format is stored as an integer in the \________
representation.

sign-and-magnitude

4-1 \________ is an arithmetic operation.

Subtraction

4-2 \________ is a logical bit operator.

exclusive OR, unary NOT, or binary AND

4-3 The \________ method of integer representation is the most common
method for storing integers in computer memory.

two's complement

4-4 In two's complement addition, if there is a final carry after the left most
column addition, \________ .

discard it

4-5 For an 8-bit allocation, the smallest decimal number that can be
represented in two's complement form is \________

-128

4-6 For an 8-bit allocation, the largest decimal number that can be
represented in two's complement form is \________

127

4-7 In two's complement representation with a 4-bit allocation, we get
\________ when we add 1 to 7.

-8

4-8 In two's complement representation with a 4-bit allocation, we get
\________ when we add 5 to 5.

-6

4-9 If the exponent in Excess_127 is binary 10000101, the exponent in
decimal is \________ .

6

4-10 If we are adding two numbers, one of which has an exponent value of 7
and the other an exponent value of 9, we need to shift the decimal point of the
smaller number \________ .

two places to the left

4-11 \________ operator (s) takes two inputs to produce one output.

AND, OR, or XOR

4-12 The unary \________ operator inverts its single input.

NOT

4-13 \________ operator (s), if the input is two 0s, the output is 0.

In AND, OR, or XOR

4-14 \________ operator (s), if the input is two 1s, the output is 0.

In only XOR

4-15 For the binary AND operation, only an input of \________ gives an
output of 1.

two 1s

4-16 For the binary OR operation, only an input of \________ gives an output of 0.

two 0s

4-17 We use a bit pattern called a \________ to modify another bit pattern.

mask

4-18 To flip all the bits of a bit pattern, make a mask of all 1s and then
\________ the bit pattern and the mask.

XOR

4-19 To un-set (force to 0) all the bits of a bit pattern, make a mask of all 0s
and then \________ the bit pattern and the mask.

AND

4-20 To set (force to 1) all the bits of a bit pattern, make a mask of all 1s and then \________ the bit pattern and the mask.

OR

5-1 The \________ is a computer subsystem that performs operations on
data.

CPU

5-2 \________ is a stand-alone storage location that holds data temporarily.

A register

5-3 \________ is a unit that can add two inputs.

An ALU

5-4 A register in a CPU can hold \________ .

data, instruction, or program counter values

5-5 A control unit with five wires can define up to \________ operations.

32

5-6 A word can be \________ bits.

8, or 16, or 32

5-7 If the memory address space is 16 MB and the word size is 8 bits, then\________ bits are needed to access each word.

24

5-8 The data in \________ is erased if the computer is powered down.

RAM

5-9 \________ is a memory type with capacitors that need to be refreshed periodically.

DRAM

5-10 \________ is a memory type with traditional flip-flop gates to hold data.

SRAM

5-11 There are \________ bytes in 16 Terabytes.

2^16

5-12 \________ can be programmed and erased using electronic impulses but can remain in a computer during erasure.

EEPROM

5-13 \________ is a type of memory in which the user, not the manufacturer,
stores programs that cannot be overwritten.

PROM

5-14 Main memory in a computer usually consists of large amounts of\________ speed memory.

low

5-15 A \________ is a storage device to which the user can write information only once.

CD-R

5-16 A \________ is a storage device that can undergo multiple writes and erasures.

CD-RW

5-17 The smallest storage area on a magnetic disk that can be accessed at one time is a \________ .

sector

5-18 If the memory has 232 words, the address bus needs to have \________wires.

32

5-19 A control bus with eight wires can define \________ operations.

256

5-20 A \________ controller is a high-speed serial interface that transfers data in packets.

USB and FireWire

5-21 The three steps in the running of a program on a computer are
performed in the specific order \________ .

fetch, decode, and execute

5-23 In the \________ method for synchronizing the operation of the CPU with an I/O device, the CPU is idle until the I/O operation is finished.

programmed I/O

5-24 In the \________ method for synchronizing the operation of the CPU with an I/O device, a large block of data can be passed from an I/O device to memory directly.

DMA

6-1 The TCP/IP model has \________ layers.

five

6-2 The \________ layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite provides services for end users.

application

6-3. The \________ layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite transmits a bit stream over a physical medium.

physical

6-4 The \________ layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite is responsible for node-to-node delivery of a frame between two adjacent nodes.

data-link

6-5 The \________ layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite is responsible for
source-to-destination delivery of the entire message.

network

6-6 What is the domain name in the email address [e-mail]?

nasa.gov

6-7 Which physical topology uses a hub or switch?

star

6-8 IP addresses are currently \________ bits in length.

32

6-9 \________ protocol (s) is one of the protocols in the transport layer.

TCP, UDP, and SCTP

6-10 \________ is a protocol for file transfer.

FTP

6-11 \________ is a protocol for email services.

SMTP

6-12 \________ is a protocol for accessing and transferring documents on the WWW.

HTTP

7-1 \________ is a program that facilitates the execution of other programs.

An operating system

7-2 \________ supervises the activity of each component in a computer
system.

An operating system

7-3 Multi-programming requires a \________ operating-system.

time-sharing

7-4 \________ is multi-programming with swapping.

Demand paging

7-5 \________ is multi-programming without swapping.

Partitioning

7-6 In \________ , only one program can reside in memory for execution.

mono-programming

7-7 \________ is a multi-programming method in which multiple programs are entirely in memory with each program occupying a contiguous space.

Partitioning

7-8 In paging, a program is divided into equally sized sections called\________ .

pages

7-9 In \________ , the program can be divided into differently sized sections.

demand segmentation