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4 principal rays of concave mirrors
Incoming parallel to optical axis, reflects through focal point
Incoming through focal point, reflects parallel to optical axis
Incoming through center point, reflects straight back
Reflects at vertex with equal angles above and below axis
Types of curved mirrors
Concave(converging)
Curves inward
Convex(diverging)
Curves outward
Centre of curvature(C)
Centre of the sphere, whose surface forms the curved mirror.
Principal Axis(PA)
The line going through the center of curvature/center of the mirror.
It intersects the mirror at 90 degrees and is normal to the surface.
Vertex(V)
Point where the principal axis intersects the mirror.
Focal Point(F)
Aka: focus
The place where parallel lights rays that reflect off a smooth curve all pass through.
The focal point is halfway between the vertex and center of curvature.
It’s on the same side as the object.
Locate image in concave mirror
Draw Ray 1 from a point on object parallel to principal axis
Ray 1 reflects through F
Ray 2 is drawn from tip of object to V and reflects at the same angle as its incident ray angle.
Image is located where the 2 rays intersect.